载能团簇离子在物质中的能量损失

实验表明，团簇离子在物质中的能量损失并不等于各成分单独作用的总和，而是具有非线性效应．这种非线性效应与团簇离子的能量、团簇的种类和大小、团簇成分之间的空间关联程度以及作用物质的结构有关．对团簇作用的非线性效应研究对于了解团簇与物质相互作用的机制具有非常重要的理论意义．MeV能区的团簇离子在物质中的非线性电子能损和核能损方面的直接实验数据还相当缺乏，其理论模型也更待建立．评述了载能团簇离子在物质中的能量损失及测量方法．Fast ions deposit energy in matter through electronic and nuclear collision processes. The relaxation of the deposited energy induces emission of photons, electrons, ions, and neutral species from the target. Comparing with single incident ion, cluster induces many new phenomena: such as non-linear energy loss, non-linear emission of secondary ions, production of giant tracks and craters in various irradiated materials. These new phenomena induced by clusters are attributed to the vicinage effect ......     

光学相干层析图像层状结构的增强与定量测量

光学相干层析(OCT)成像技术对于眼底等层状组织的定量测量有赖于光学相干层析图像中层状结构的提取。为了对原始光学相干层析图像进行预处理以有效地去除图像中的噪声及散斑、增强图中的层状结构,并更好地保护图像中的层状结构,进而更准确地定量测量图像中有重要意义的层状结构的光程信息,提出在相干增强各向异性扩散(CED)算法中引入二阶导数项以控制沿相干方向的扩散强度,并将引入二阶导数项的相干增强各向异性扩散算法应用于不同样品的光学相干层析图像。结合在预处理后图像中层状结构位置的查找结果与样品的折射率信息,实现了对光学相干层析图像中有重要意义的层状结构厚度的定量测量。实验结果表明,使用引入二阶导数项的相干增强各向异性扩散算法对光学相干层析图像预处理有利于对图中重要层状结构的更准确测量。     

Comparison of Secondary Ion Emissions from Carbon Nanotubes under Bombardments of MeV Si and Si2 Clusters

The emission yields of H, H2, H3 and heavy ions from carbon nanotubes under bombardments of Si and Si2 clusters in an energy range of 0.3-3 MeV per atom are measured by using the time-of-flight technique (TOF). The emission yields of the secondary ions increase with increasing energy of Si and the electronic stopping processes play an important role. The enhanced emission yields of secondary ions induced by Si2 clusters at the low energies are clearly seen and attributed to the vicinage effect of the nuclear collision processes of cluster constituents and the secondary ion emissions are still dominated by electronic stopping processes at high energies.