一种海空背景下红外小目标检测新算法

针对海空背景下红外小目标图像信噪比低、难以检测的情况以及传统检测方法需要图像帧数多、实时性差等缺点,基于Donoho的小波变换阈值化方法,提出了一种更加适合海空背景下红外小目标检测的新算法.该算法采用一种新的阈值求取方法以及更加简单的硬阈值化函数对图像进行处理.通过仿真实验将新算法与传统检测算法进行比较,实验结果表明,无论在处理效果还是实时性上,新算法都优于传统算法.  

对照中药材红外光谱数据库的研制与应用

在选定的化学处理条件下 ,测定了对照中药材的红外光谱。采用现代电子科学技术 ,建立了对照中药材红外光谱数据库 ,应用于中药材的品种鉴别。该数据库对照中药材样品具有各自比较鲜明的红外光谱指纹特征 ,可以通过拉丁学名进行检索 ,快速鉴别中药材以及区分中药材真伪品 ,为中药材鉴定技术标准化、规范化探索了一条新途径  

一种海空背景下红外小目标检测新算法

针对海空背景下红外小目标图像信噪比低、难以检测的情况以及传统检测方法需要图像帧数多、实时性差等缺点,基于Donoho的小波变换阈值化方法,提出了一种更加适合海空背景下红外小目标检测的新算法.该算法采用一种新的阈值求取方法以及更加简单的硬阈值化函数对图像进行处理.通过仿真实验将新算法与传统检测算法进行比较,实验结果表明,无论在处理效果还是实时性上,新算法都优于传统算法.  

Engineering Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Ar Plasma

Double-walled carbon nanotubes （DWCNTs） have been found to be promising nano-materials for nano-mechanical and nano-electrical devices due to their double-walled structures. Modifying DWCNTs would be one of the key technologies for device construction. We demonstrate engineering the geometry of DWCNTs by etching with Ar plasma. The characterization by atomic force rnicroscopy indicates that single atomic carbon layers could be removed from DWCNTs by Ar plasma. The etching effect is further investigated by electrical measurements on DWCNT field-effect transistors, which allow us to study the interwall screen effect as well.  

基于交叉相位调制的堆积脉冲非线性传输

基于子脉冲交叉相位调制的非线性相互作用,利用耦合非线性传输模型,对堆积脉冲的非线性传输和峰均比进行了研究.研究发现,当堆积脉冲的子脉冲间存在重叠时,在传输过程中时间相干会导致子脉冲间发生相互作用从而改变其脉冲质量.在不同的子脉冲延迟情况下,堆积脉冲的强度和峰均比随传输距离的变化而改变,且变化幅度均随子脉冲延迟的增大而减小.对于高斯型堆积脉冲,当归一化子脉冲延迟大约为3时其在非线性传输过程中保持脉冲形状基本不变;而对于超高斯型的堆积脉冲,归一化子脉冲延迟则约为2.2.  

Synthesis of nitrogen-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes and monitoring of doping by Raman spectroscopy

Nitrogen-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes （CNx-SWNTs） with tunable dopant concentrations were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition （CVD）, and their structure and elemental composition were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy （TEM） in combination with electron energy loss spectroscopy （EELS）. By comparing the Raman spectra of pristine and doped nanotubes, we observed the doping-induced Raman G band phonon stiffening and 2D band phonon softening, both of which reflect doping-induced renormalization of the electron and phonon energies in the nan- otubes and behave as expected in accord with the n-type doping effect. On the basis of first principles calculations of the distribution of delocalized carrier density in both the pristine and doped nanotubes, we show how the n-type doping occurs when nitrogen heteroatoms are substitutionally incorporated into the honeycomb tube-shell carbon lattice.  

Preparing three-dimensional graphene architectures： Review of recent developments

The recent development of synthesis processes to assemble graphene sheets into porous three-dimensional （3D）macroscopic structures are reviewed, including our efforts on 3D graphene structures. Mechanisms for building 3D graphene architectures and their composite materials are also summarized. The functional systems based on 3D graphene architectures provide a significant enhancement in the efficacy due to their unique structures and properties.  

光学窗口凹腔流场的光学传输效应研究

当带有光学成像探测制导系统的高速飞行器在大气层内飞行时,光学窗口与来流之间会形成复杂的凹腔绕流流场,产生气动光学效应。建立了求解超声速流场的高精度LES/RANS混合算法模型,研究了超声速流动条件下的Settles三维凹腔流动;在计算得到精确流场数据的基础上,研究了凹腔剪切层区域的光学传输效应。结果表明,凹腔流动的剪切层结构将引起光线抖动,导致严重的波面畸变,明显降低光强斯特雷尔(Strehl)比,严重影响光学传输性能,进而大大降低光学制导精度。  

富钙镁离子溶液以碳酸盐沉淀固定CO2的试验研究

提出了利用富钙镁离子溶液（海水淡化产生的浓海水、地下卤水、高硬度工业废水等）以碳酸盐沉淀形式实现CO₂固定的思路,以2倍浓度的海水为例进行分析,表明富钙镁离子溶液具有可观的固碳潜力。考察了氨水-氯化铵溶液、氨水-碳酸氢铵溶液和有机胺（MEA、MDEA）作为添加剂提高溶液pH值的方式对碳酸盐沉淀形成能力的影响。结果表明这三种添加剂均可在一定程度上提高溶液pH值,促进富钙镁离子溶液中难溶碳酸盐沉淀形成。  

均匀电场SF6短气隙放电过程动态模拟

根据基本物理定律和流体力学,构建均匀电场下SF6短气隙放电流体模型,运用通量校正传输法(fluxcorrected transport)数值分析大气压下4 mm间隙SF6的放电过程,展现放电空间带电粒子产生、复合、附着、扩散以及光致电离动态过程,获得了放电间隙电场畸变、带电粒子动力学行为和放电通道形成发展历程和时空分布,根据R-M判据求出模型放电过程中电子崩转向流注的时空临界点,印证了光致电离在流注发展阶段的重要作用.