利用PCC技术预测γ射线对肝癌细胞的辐射效应

利用早熟染色体凝集技术预测研究了γ射线对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721的辐射效应。结果表明，G1和G2期细胞内的染色单体和等点染色单体断裂数与照射剂量之间存在线性相关性，染色单体断裂总数与细胞存活率之间存在良好的线性相关性。说明辐射诱导的染色单体断裂可以作为预测SMMC-7721细胞内在辐射敏感性的指标，也可为临床诊断和治疗肝癌提供依据。     

重离子辐射提高腺病毒介导小鼠黑色素瘤细胞转染率的研究

探讨12C6+ 离子束辐射对用带有绿色荧光蛋白基因的缺陷性腺病毒（AdCMV GFP）转染小鼠黑色素瘤细胞(B16细胞系)的影响。 采用不同剂量的12C6+ 重离子束辐射经AdCMV GFP 转染的B16细胞， 利用流式细胞仪检测腺病毒的转染率。 结果表明， 12C6＋重离子束辐射能提高腺病毒对B16细胞的转染率， 且具有量效关系。 此外， 先转染后辐射法比起先辐射后转染法能更显著地提高转染率。The effect of 12C6+ beam irradiation on AdCMV GFP (a replication deficient recombinant adenoviral vector containing CMV promoter and green fluorescent protein) gene transfection efficiency for murine melanoma cell B16 has been investigated. B16 cells infected with AdCMV GFP were irradiated by different doses of 12C6+ beam. The transfection efficiency was assessed by flow cytometry (FCM). Results show that 12C6+ beam irradiation can improve tansfection efficiency of AdCMV GFP on murine melanoma cell B16 in a dose dependent manner. In addition， the tansfection efficiency in pre tranfection plus irradiation group is higher than that in pre irradiation plus tranfection group at the same dose irradiation dose.     

辐射诱导促进AdCMV-p53 转染前列腺癌细胞

用腺病毒重组体（AdCMV p53/GFP）转染经0.5, 1.0和2.0 Gy γ射线辐射处理的前列腺癌细胞[PC 3（ nullp53）]， 用克隆形成法检测细胞增殖能力， 用流式细胞分析法测定腺病毒重组体转染率和外源性p53蛋白表达。 结果提示， 辐射诱导使腺病毒重组体转染PC 3细胞提高7%—39%。 辐射联合 AdCMV p53 转染组p53表达水平提高18.5%—35.4%。 与单纯 AdCMV p53 转染组和单纯辐射组相比， 辐射联合 AdCMV-p53 转染组细胞存活率分别降低25%—64%和22%—65%。 To determine whether low dose pre irradiation could enhance adenovirus mediated p53 transfer and expression in human prostate adenocarcinoma， the PC 3 cells were pre exposed to γ rays， and then infected with replication deficient adenovirus recombinant vectors， containing human wild type p53 (AdCMV p53) or green fluorescent protein gene (AdCMV GFP) respectively (γ ray irradiation + AdCMV p53 /GFP infection). The exogenous gene transfer and expression were detected by flow cytometric analysis. The GFP transfer frequencies in γ irradiation + AdCMV GFP infection groups were 7%—39% more than those in AdCMV GFP infection groups. The p53 levels in the γ irradiation + AdCMV p53 infection groups were 18.5%—35.4% more than those in AdCMV p53 infection groups (p<0.05)，suggesting that low dose (less than or equal to 1.0 Gy) irradiation could significantly promote exogenous p53 transfer and expression in the PC 3 cells. The survival fractions for the γ irradiation + AdCMV p53 infection groups were 25%—64%， 22%—65% less than those for AdCMV p53 infection， or γ irradiation groups， respectively (p<0.05).     

110 keV Fe＋离子束对氨基酸衍生物的辐射分解

用200 kV离子注入机提供的110 keV Fe＋离子束注入L(＋)-半胱氨酸盐酸盐单晶水合物薄膜样品,离子注量为2.5×1016 ions•cm－2.离子注入后刮下薄膜进行简单固态混和,在傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、高效液相色谱仪和电喷雾电离-傅里叶变换质谱仪上对离子注入前后的样品分别进行了测试.对离子注入样品的两次红外光谱分析结果有所不同,表明薄膜样品不同部位受低能铁离子束辐照后可发生不同的辐射分解,但二者又具有一定的相似性,都反映了原分子中氨基、羧基和巯基等基团的受损和新的硝基的生成.高效液相色谱和傅里叶变换质谱分析表明,离子注入样品中产生了多种不同分子量的新分子,证实110 keV Fe＋离子束能够引起氨基酸衍生物的辐射分解.     

低剂量电离辐射预处理对不同肿瘤细胞周期的影响

实验研究了低剂量γ射线预照射对人肝癌细胞系hepG2和人宫颈癌细胞系HeLa的细胞周期进程的影响.结果显示(1)低剂量(5cGy)辐射后,两种细胞的G2/M期细胞短暂累积;(2)低剂量辐射促进肿瘤细胞的生长;(3)高剂量(3Gy)辐射后,hepG2细胞发生G2期阻滞,HeLa细胞发生S期和G2期阻滞;(4)与单纯高剂量照射相比,低剂量辐射预处理后4h,再给予高剂量辐射,可进一步促进hepG2细胞在G2/M期累积,但是预照射对HeLa细胞的周期进程没有明显影响.因此,低剂量辐射预处理对高剂量诱导的细胞周期阻滞的影响依赖于肿瘤细胞的类型.     

DNA双链断裂产额的新算法

DNA双链断裂(DSB)的定量分析是高传能线密度辐射生物学效应机理研究的重要手段.从实际应用出发,推导了一个新的计算公式———平均分子量法.该法不探究DSB片段的具体分布模式,实际操作中却又包含了片段的含量和分布;而且形式简单、操作简便,尤其适合于荧光扫描数据. Quantitive analysis of DNA double strand break (DSB) is of importance for studying on the mechanisms of radiobiological effects induced by high linear energy transfer(LET) irradiation. For the practical use, one new calculating formula named the method of average molecular weight is deducted. In this method, the factual distribution of DSB fragments is not considered, but actually, the content and distribution of DSB fragments are included. Totally, this method is simple in shape and easy to use, esp...     

γ射线辐照人类正常肝细胞染色体损伤的动态修复

应用早熟染色体凝集技术对人类正常肝脏细胞经γ射线照射导致的染色体损伤后48h内的动态修复过程进行了研究。结果显示:照射后原初染色单体断裂和等点染色单体断裂数随着照射剂量的增加而增多，染色单体断裂显著多于等点染色单体断裂；经过24h的继续培养，这两种类型的损伤都有不同程度的修复，约50％染色单体断裂得到修复，而等点染色单体断裂的修复率最多为15％；经过48h的照射后培养，染色体损伤的水平与24h相比没有显著差异。说明肝细胞经γ射线照射后染色体损伤的主要形式是染色单体断裂，易于修复；虽然等点染色单体断裂数量较少，但修复困难。由此表明，等点染色体断裂是细胞经γ射线照射后死亡和癌变的一个重要因素。We employed the prematurely chromosome condensation （PCC） technique to investigate the 48 h kinetic repair of normal human liver cell line L02 exposed to γ-rays. The results showed that chromatidtype and isochromatid-type breaks increased with the dose at 0 h measured by PCC, the number of chromatid-type breaks was several times more than that of isochromatid-type breaks. Further 24 h incubationafter exposed to irradiation, both of these two type breaks decreased in different extent, 50% for chromatid-type one, change of the the main type easy to repair. 15% for isochromatid-type one at most, respectively. chromosome breaks compared with that of 24th h（p〉 0. 05 of the chromosome breaks was chromatid-type after exposed 48th h, there was a slightly ）. These results revealed that to low LET rays, also, it was Though the isochromatid-type breaks was obvioously less than that of the chromatid-type one, it was difficult to repair. It implied that the isochromatid-type breaks was the important factor causing cell death and canceration when cells were exposed to irradiations.     

γ射线对A172胶质瘤细胞的生物学效应

以不同剂量照射后的细胞存活率、 微核率和微核细胞率作为生物学终点, 研究了γ射线对A172细胞的生物学效应. 结果表明: 细胞存活率与剂量之间满足回归方程lgY=-0.064 27X+1.833 54, 其回归系数r=-0.988 6, P<0.01. 剂量为1 Gy时微核率和微核细胞率达到最大值, 此时的微核率为（66.75±3.564）%, 微核细胞率为（53.9±0.784 9）%, 微核率和微核细胞率均随着剂量的增大先增大后减小, 并分别维持在42%和37%左右. To study the biological effectiveness in A172 glioma cells induced by γ ray irradiation, the survival fraction and the micronucleus frequency of A172 cells was measured. The result showed that the survival fraction was negatively correlated to the radiation dose. At 1.0 Gy, the micronucleus frequency peaked about (66.75±3.564)%, and the frequency of micronucleus cells peaked about (53.9 ±0.784 9)%. As the radiation dose increasing, the micronucleus frequency and the frequency of micronucleus cells decreased and finally kept steady about 42% and 37%, respectively.     

6MeV/u 12C6+离子对四种作物种子的生物学效应研究

在中科院近代物理研究所兰州重离子研究装置(HIRFL)上,采用46.6MeV/u~(12)C~(6+)离子对四种不同作物种子进行了生物学效应研究,结果表明:重离子的轰击和贯穿,不仅会在种子表面外貌而且也对种子内部细胞造成严重损伤,重离子对种子萌发能力和生长发育均有明显的抑制作用,对生物功能也有影响;在种子的根尖细胞中出现的染色体畸变具有多种类型,而且畸变频率明显高于对照组。重离子对多种细胞器也产生了严重损伤,受损DNA具有一定的修复能力,测定了四种作物种子的半致死剂量及失活截面,找到了四种作物之间辐射敏感性的差异,讨论了细胞器损伤与生理过程异常的关系和受损DNA的修复过程。 The biological effects of 46.6MeV/u ~(12)C~(6+) ions on four kinds of plant seeds were studiedat HIRFL of Institute of Modern Physics (IMP), Academia Sinica. The results indicate that seriousinjuries were presented on not only external features of the seeds but also internal cells due to the bombardment and penetration of the ions. The heavy ions can significantly inhibitgermination and growth of the seeds and can affect physiological functions. In root tip cells ofirradiated seeds...     

110keV铁离子束辐照L(+)–半胱氨酸的分子改性研究

用110keVFe离子注入L(+)-半胱氨酸薄膜样品,然后通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱和核磁共振氢谱分析表明,L(+)-半胱氨酸在接受Fe离子束辐照后受到了严重损伤,在样品中产生了新的分子基团.ESR波谱分析表明在辐照产物中存在一种长寿命自由基.ESI质谱分析进一步支持了低能离子束辐照所致生物分子改性的发生.