发光铱(Ⅲ)配合物抗肿瘤活性研究及应用

铱(Ⅲ)配合物因其发光量子产率高且波长易调控、发光寿命长和光稳定性好的特点,在发光材料领域备受关注。铱(Ⅲ)配合物细胞渗透能力强,能靶向多种细胞组织并影响其结构和功能,表现出独特的抗肿瘤活性,是目前金属抗肿瘤药物特别是PDT光敏剂方向的研究热点。本文重点关注铱(Ⅲ)配合物的结构对其发光性能与抗肿瘤性能的影响,综述了近期铱(Ⅲ)配合物在生物成像、探针与传感、抗肿瘤诊疗等领域的研究进展,并对目前研究中存在的问题及其应用前景进行探讨和展望。     

Effect of oxygen on regulation of properties of moderately boron-doped diamond films

Regulation of oxygen on properties of moderately boron-doped diamond films is fully investigated. Results show that, with adding a small amount of oxygen (oxygen-to-carbon ratio < 5.0%), the crystal quality of diamond is improved, and a suppression effect of residual nitrogen is observed. With increasing ratio of O/C from 2.5% to 20.0%, the hole concentration is firstly increased then reduced. This change of hole concentration is also explained. Moreover, the results of Hall effect measurement with temperatures from 300 K to 825 K show that, with adding a small amount of oxygen, boron and oxygen complex structures (especially B₃O and B₄O) are formed and exhibit as shallow donor in diamond, which results in increase of donor concentration. With further increase of ratio of O/C, the inhibitory behaviors of oxygen on boron leads to decrease of acceptor concentration (the optical emission spectroscopy has shown that it is decreased with ratio of O/C more than 10.0%). This work demonstrates that oxygen-doping induced increasement of the crystalline and surface quality could be restored by the co-doping with oxygen. The technique could achieve boron-doped diamond films with both high quality and acceptable hole concentration, which is applicable to electronic level of usage.     

High-performance 4H-SiC p-i-n ultraviolet avalanche photodiodes with large active area

Ultraviolet(UV) detectors with large photosensitive areas are more advantageous in low-level UV detection applications. In this Letter, high-performance 4 H-SiC p-i-n avalanche photodiodes(APDs) with large active area(800 μm diameter) are reported. With the optimized epitaxial structure and device fabrication process,a high multiplication gain of 1.4 × 10~6 is obtained for the devices at room temperature, and the dark current is as low as ～10 p A at low reverse voltages. In addition, record external quantum efficiency of 85.5% at 274 nm is achieved, which is the highest value for the reported Si C APDs. Furthermore, the rejection ratio of UV to visible light reaches about 10~4. The excellent performance of our devices indicates a tremendous improvement for largearea SiC APD-based UV detectors. Finally, the UV imaging performance of our fabricated 4 H-SiC p-i-n APDs is also demonstrated for system-level applications.     

Generation of 131 fs mode-locked pulses from 2.8μm Er:ZBLAN fiber laser

We demonstrated a femtosecond mode-locked Er:Zr F4-Ba F2-La F3-Al F3-Na F(Er:ZBLAN)fiber laser at 2.8μm based on the nonlinear polarization rotation technique.The laser generated an average output power of 317 m W with a repetition rate of 107 MHz and pulse duration as short as 131 fs.To the best of our knowledge,this is the shortest pulse generated directly from a mid-infrared mode-locked Er:ZBLAN fiber laser to date.Numerical simulation and experimental results confirm that reducing the gain fiber length is an effective way to shorten the mode-locked pulse duration in the Er:ZBLAN fiber laser.The work takes an important step towards sub-100-fs mid-infrared pulse generation from mode-locked Er:ZBLAN fiber lasers.     

新标准下宁波市近60年气温变化特征分析

利用1953～2013年宁波地区逐日气温观测资料，根据1981～2010年新30 a标准，分析了宁波市年平均气温、季平均气温、极端最高气温、极端最低气温、高温日数、低温日数等要素的变化趋势和特征，在此基础上统计了暖冬、冷冬、酷暑、凉夏的出现次数.通过统计分析发现：近60 a来宁波市的年平均气温、季平均气温、极端最高气温、极端最低气温都表现出增暖趋势，增温最明显的时段集中在20世纪90年代至今，春季增温最为明显，冬季次之，夏季增温幅度最小；极端最低气温升温速率比极端最高气温略快，高温日数增加，低温日数减少，暖冬和酷暑出现的次数远高于90年代以前.气温变化特征说明，20世纪90年代以来宁波市增暖是明确的，并具有自身的变化特征.     

宁波市连续3次降雪过程的对比分析

利用NCEP/NCAR 4 times daily格点资料、探空和人工测站实况观测等资料，分别从大尺度形势场、水汽、温度特征等方面，对2012年12月中下旬到2013年1月初宁波市连续3次降雪过程进行了对比分析.结果表明：（1）3次降雪过程的大范围形势场在中高纬度上基本相同，但第1次过程南支槽强度明显偏弱.3次过程的冷空气影响路径分别是西北路、西路和东路.（2）中低层的水汽输送为第3次过程的持续性降雪提供了充足的水汽.（3）后2次过程都满足了降雪的基本温度条件，且有明显的逆温层.2012年12月29日降雪过程的雨雪相变临界温度为2 ℃.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定磷酸西格列汀中基因毒性杂质乙二胺的含量

通过对甲苯磺酰氯对乙二胺进行衍生化,采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)测定磷酸西格列汀中基因毒性杂质乙二胺的含量。以Waters CORTECS^? C₁₈色谱柱为固定相,以不同体积比的5 mmol·L^-1乙酸铵-乙酸缓冲溶液(pH 5.6)和乙腈的混合溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱。串联质谱分析中采用电喷雾离子源正离子(ESI⁺)模式,选择反应监测(SRM)模式。乙二胺的线性范围为0.50～33.5μg·L^-1,检出限(3.3s/k)为0.55μg·L^-1,以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率为102%～103%。对平行配制的6份加标供试品溶液进行重复性和重现性试验,所得测定值的相对标准偏差均小于3.0%。     

液相色谱-电感耦合等离子质谱和电喷雾电离质谱研究乙二胺二氯合钯与鸟嘌呤脱氧核糖核苷酸反应产物

建立了基于HPLC-ICP-MS分离乙二胺二氯合钯[Pd(en)Cl2]与鸟嘌呤脱氧核糖核苷酸5’-d GMP反应产物的方法。方法得到两种能够随色谱流出的产物,产物在25 mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 8.0)作为流动相时,得到的分离峰型良好。主产物保留时间为2.8 min,另一产物保留时间为3.2 min。主产物经富集后由ESI-MS(MS/MS)鉴定得到m/z为510,511,512,514和516的[M+1]+分子离子峰且丰度比与Pd同位素元素一致,再通过碎片推断结构为[Pd(en)(N1-5’-d GMP)],另一种产物经HPLC-DAD解析发现紫外吸收光谱与[Pd(en)(N1-5’-d GMP)]完全相同,HPLC-ICP-MS发现产物含Pd量也与[Pd(en)(N1-5’-d GMP)]相同,结合文献推断另一产物为[Pd(en)(N1-5’-d GMP)]的多聚物。研究表明,[Pd(en)(N1-5’-d GMP)]易在酸性条件下生成,其多聚物易在碱性条件下生成,在反应体系pH=6.0时,[Pd(en)(N1-5’-d GMP)]在12 h内生成且稳定存在。HPLC-ICP-MS图谱显示随着反应pH的增加两种产物的总量逐步减少。     

流动注射法同时测定海水中氨氮和磷酸盐

采用流动注射法同时测定海水中氨氮和磷酸盐的含量。在优化的试验条件下,氨氮和磷酸盐的线性范围分别为0.25 mg·L-1和0.30 mg·L-1以内,检出限(3S/N)分别为0.42μg·L-1和0.56μg·L-1。氨氮和磷酸盐加标回收率分别在85.0%~103%和86.7%~103%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)分别在0.43%~5.3%和0~4.1%之间。方法用于分析标准物质,测定结果与分光光度法的结果一致。     

环境水体中酚类EDCs前处理技术及分析方法研究进展

环境内分泌干扰物(EDCs)是指干扰生物体内保持自身平衡和调节发育过程中天然激素的合成、分泌、运输、代谢、结合、反应、消除等生物过程的外源性化学物质,这类物质的存在会干扰人类和野生动物的内分泌系统,带来生殖障碍、发育异常、免疫功能减弱等问题。EDCs,尤其是使用最为广泛的酚类EDCs,在水环境中的污染特征研究已是当前科学界和公众共同关注的热点问题之一。环境样品基质非常复杂,使得痕量酚类EDCs的分析检测难度较大。该文对近年来环境水体中酚类EDCs的分析方法进行了综述,分别对样品前处理与检测分析技术进行了介绍,其中前处理技术包括样品萃取、样品净化和样品衍生化,检测分析技术包括化学分析和仪器分析。最后对酚类分析方法进行了展望。