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1.
Fractional-order calculus is about the differentiation and integration of non-integer orders. Fractional calculus (FC) is based on fractional-order thinking (FOT) and has been shown to help us to understand complex systems better, improve the processing of complex signals, enhance the control of complex systems, increase the performance of optimization, and even extend the enabling of the potential for creativity. In this article, the authors discuss the fractional dynamics, FOT and rich fractional stochastic models. First, the use of fractional dynamics in big data analytics for quantifying big data variability stemming from the generation of complex systems is justified. Second, we show why fractional dynamics is needed in machine learning and optimal randomness when asking: “is there a more optimal way to optimize?”. Third, an optimal randomness case study for a stochastic configuration network (SCN) machine-learning method with heavy-tailed distributions is discussed. Finally, views on big data and (physics-informed) machine learning with fractional dynamics for future research are presented with concluding remarks.  相似文献   
2.
本文利用电子动量谱仪在1200 eV电子碰撞能量下测量了碘甲烷分子内层轨道电子束缚能谱和电子动量分布. 在能谱上观测到自旋-轨道耦合作用导致的两个分裂峰,得到了它们对应的电子动量分布. 采用相对论密度泛函理论方法计算了自旋-轨道分裂成分的电子动量分布,计算结果在电子动量大于1.0 a.u.区域内与实验测量符合很好,但在动量小于1.0 a.u.区域内严重低估了实验. 扭曲波理论计算很好地解释了低动量区的实验结果.  相似文献   
3.
弹性成像在医学成像领域具有广阔的应用前景.在本文中,有限元法被用于模拟角膜组织的超声弹性成像,通过改变角膜病变组织与正常组织杨氏模量的数值大小及分布,模拟角膜病变的不同情形,分析计算各种不同情形时的应变、应力和位移分布,并对仿真结果进行分析.当角膜正常组织与病变组织的杨氏模量之比为1:4时,病变区域中心的应变为-0.00854,而对应正常角膜相同位置的应变为-0.02277,为病变区域中心的应变值的2.67倍.病变区域中心的应力为0.04337,而对应正常角膜相同位置的应力为0.02729,相当于病变区域中心的应力值的0.64倍.当角膜正常组织与病变组织的杨氏模量之比为4:1时,情况刚好相反.基于角膜组织的粘弹性,优化了角膜组织模型.结果表明,利用应变压缩方法可以实现离体组织的弹性成像,超声弹性成像中病变组织与正常组织的生物力学响应差异明显,研究结果可为弹性成像在眼科临床应用上提供理论指导.  相似文献   
4.
Black bean, in which isoflavones are the main active constituent, also contains saponins and monoterpenes. Soybean isoflavone is a secondary metabolite that is formed during the growth of soybean; it exhibits antioxidant and cardiovascular activities and traces estrogen-like effects. In this study, black bean isoflavones were extracted with n-butanol, and ultrafiltration–liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to screen their activity. Subsequently, the inhibitors were isolated and purified using semipreparative liquid chromatography and stepwise flow rate countercurrent chromatography. Thereafter, five active compounds were identified using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. Finally, the inhibition types of the xanthine oxidase inhibitors were determined using enzymatic kinetic studies. The IC50 values of daidzin, glycitein-7-O-glucoside, genistin, daidzein, and genistein were determined to be 35.08, 56.22, 30.76, 68.79, and 95.37 μg/mL, respectively. Daidzin, genistin, and daidzein exhibited reversible inhibition, whereas glycitein-7-O-glucoside and genistein presented irreversible inhibition. This novel approach, which was based on ultrafiltration–liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and stepwise flow rate countercurrent chromatography, is a powerful method for screening and isolating xanthine oxidase inhibitors from complex matrices. The study of enzyme inhibition types is helpful for understanding the underlying inhibition mechanism. Therefore, a beneficial platform was developed for the large-scale production of bioactive and nutraceutical ingredients.  相似文献   
5.
The extraction of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was investigated using the response surface methodology-genetic algorithm mathematical regression model, and the extraction variables were optimized to maximize the flavonoid yield. Furthermore, a simple and efficient ultrafiltration–liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and molecular docking methods were developed for the rapid screening and identification of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors present in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Subsequently, four major chemical constituents, namely baicalein, norwogonin, wogonin, and oroxylin A, were identified as potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. This novel approach, involving the use of ultrafiltration–liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and molecular docking methods combined with stepwise flow rate counter-current chromatography and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography, could potentially provide a powerful tool for the screening and extraction of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from complex matrices and be a useful platform for the production of bioactive and nutraceutical ingredients.  相似文献   
6.
Amlexanox, an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic agent, has been widely used clinically for the treatment of canker sores, asthma, and allergic rhinitis. Recently, amlexanox has received considerable attention in curing nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases and hepatitis virus infection. Herein, we first established a sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrum (LC–MS/MS) method for the determination of amlexanox in rat plasma. Propranolol was used as the internal standard (IS). Using a simple protein precipitation method, the amlexanox and IS were separated with Capcell Pak C18 column (2.0 × 50 mm, 5 μm) and eluted with water and acetonitrile each containing 0.1% formic acid using gradient elution condition at a flow rate of 0.4 mL·min−1. Amlexanox and IS were detected by a triple quadrupole mass in multiple reactive monitoring (MRM) under the transitions of m/z 299.2 → 281.2 and m/z 259.9 → 116.1 with positive electrospray ionization, respectively. The calibration curves of amlexanox were established with the range of 50 to 2000 ng·mL−1 (r2 > 0.99). The validation method consisted of selectivity, accuracy, precision, carryover effect, matrix effect, recovery, dilution effect, and stability. The fully validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of amlexanox in Wistar rats.  相似文献   
7.
Meng  Y.  Cai  B.  Lan  Q.  Niu  F.  Zhang  X.  Yang  Y. 《Crystallography Reports》2022,67(2):224-228
Crystallography Reports - A di-nuclear uranyl complex with the formula of [(UO2)2(L)4(H2O)2]?4H2O (1) (HL = quinoline-6-carboxylic acid) was synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by...  相似文献   
8.
Shiyang  Tian  Yanjun  Fu  Jiannan  Gui  Baiheng  Ma  Zhanjun  Yan 《Optical Review》2022,29(3):215-224
Optical Review - Fringe projection profilometry is widely used for the 3D measurement of real-world objects; however, quickly obtaining high-precision 3D measurements is an issue that needs to be...  相似文献   
9.
针对冷库运行过程中出现的压缩机排气温度高、系统性能衰减等问题,设计并搭建了基于平行流换热器的低压补气冷藏系统实验台对冷藏系统在低压补气和不补气状态下压缩机转速对冷藏系统综合性能的影响进行了分析.结果 表明:随着压缩机转速的增加,两种工况下压缩机排气温度都会增加,在补气模式下排气温度增加了5%,在不补气模式下增加了7.8%;冷藏系统的制冷量也会随之增大,在补气模式下制冷量增加了43%,在不补气模式下增加了25.9%,低压补气模式下增加的制冷量更大一些;压缩机功率随转速的增加而增大,且两种模式下增幅接近,在补气模式下压缩机功率增加了27.44%,在不补气模式下增加了27.34%;另外随着转速的增大系统COP呈现先增大后减小的趋势,在转速为3500 r/min处趋于稳定.  相似文献   
10.
Niu  Mu-Qing  Chen  Li-Qun 《Nonlinear dynamics》2021,103(3):2227-2240
Nonlinear Dynamics - Nonlinear vibration isolation provides with an effective way for vibration reduction with broad band and high efficiency. This investigation focuses on the dynamic effects of a...  相似文献   
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