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1.
Gašper Jaklič Jernej Kozak Marjeta Krajnc Vito Vitrih Emil Žagar 《Numerical Algorithms》2007,45(1-4):49-60
In this paper, three-pencil lattices on triangulations are studied. The explicit representation of a lattice, based upon barycentric
coordinates, enables us to construct lattice points in a simple and numerically stable way. Further, this representation carries
over to triangulations in a natural way. The construction is based upon group action of S
3 on triangle vertices, and it is shown that the number of degrees of freedom is equal to the number of vertices of the triangulation.
相似文献
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3.
Pozzoli L Bolzacchini E Van Dingenen R Hjiorth J Dentener F Perrone G Rindone B Librando V 《Annali di chimica》2003,93(4):447-456
The model BAGS (Boxmodel for Aerosol and Gasphase Simulations) has been developed. It is composed of two major modules: the first one describes the system of the chemical reactions in the gaseous phase, the second one calculates the aerosol chemical composition and the dimensional distribution of the particles. The boxmodel has been developed with the introduction of new chemical and physical processes, not previously included, in particular the formation of Secondary Organic Aerosol. The other implemented processes are a module for the dynamic of the particle population, nucleation, coagulation and dry deposition. The last phase of the work has been a check of the BAGS capabilities by a series of tests, that have permitted to compare it with other models (MAPS and MADM). The tests in particular have concerned the aerosol water content prediction, the photochemistry, the condensation of the inorganic compounds and the formation of Secondary Organic Aerosol. 相似文献
4.
Fermo P Gilardoni S Jauni Simarro T Bolzacchini E Lasagni M Gianelle V Pozzoli L Perrone G Librando V 《Annali di chimica》2003,93(4):389-396
The carbonaceous component in the Milan urban particulate matter, i.e. the two components black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC), has been measured by means of a thermogravimetric analyzer combined with an infrared spectrophotometer (TGA/FT-IR). While black carbon may be considered a primary pollutant, organic carbon includes both primary emissions and secondary organic aerosols. Since carbonaceous aerosol (including a small quantity of inorganic carbon, too) makes up roughly from 25% to 50% of the average annual PM 2.5 mass concentration, a deeper understanding of this component is required. The TGA/FT-IR technique, employed for the first time to our knowledge for the quantification of the particulate matter carbonaceous component, allows, thought the results here presented are preliminary, to assess the two components BC and OC in a simple way especially if compared with the methods reported in the literature. The total carbon (TC) determinations performed by TGA/FT-IR on Milan urban particulate matter are in good agreement with the results obtained by a total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer operating directly on the solid sample. 相似文献
5.
Makins NC Ent R Chapman MS Hansen J Lee K Milner RG Nelson J Arnold RG Bosted PE Keppel CE Lung A Rock SE Spengos M Szalata ZM Tao LH White JL Coulter KP Geesaman DF Holt RJ Jackson HE Papavassiliou V Potterveld DH Zeidman B Arrington J Beise EJ Belz E Filippone BW Gao H Lorenzon W Mueller B McKeown RD O'Neill TG Epstein M Margaziotis DJ Napolitano J Kinney E Anthony PL van Bibber K Dietrich FS Gearhart RA Patratos GG Kuhn SE van den Brand JF Bulten H Jones CE 《Physical review letters》1994,72(13):1986-1989
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Trichochromes, the peculiar pigments of red human hair, featuring the Delta(2,2)(')-bi(2H-1,4-benzothiazine) skeleton, are known to arise from cysteinyldopas, mainly the 5-S-isomer (5). However, the mode of formation and the direct precursors have remained largely undefined. To fill this gap, we investigated the oxidation of 5 in air or with chemical and enzymatic agents under biomimetic conditions. In the presence of zinc ions, which occur in epidermal tissues at significant concentrations, the reaction course is diverted toward the formation of a labile 3-carboxy-2H-1,4-benzothiazine intermediate (11), which was identified by direct NMR analysis. Structural formulation was supported by characterization of the analogous compound 13 isolated from oxidation of the model 5-methyl-3-S-cysteinylcatechol (12) after methylation. In the further stages of the oxidation, diastereomeric 2,2'-bi(2H-1,4-benzothiazine) 15 and 14 were obtained from 5 and 12, respectively, the reaction proceeding at a higher rate and to a greater extent in the presence of acids. The dimers were shown to readily convert to each other in the presence of acids. In the case of the methylated dimers 14, a 2,2'-bi(4H-1,4-benzothiazine) intermediate (16) was isolated and characterized. In acidic media, trichochrome C (1a), the most abundant in red human hair, was smoothly formed from aerial oxidation of 15, and under similar conditions, trichochrome-related products (17 and 18) were obtained from 14 prior to or after methylation. The presence of 1a and precursors 5 and 15 was investigated by HPLC analysis of red hair samples following mild proteolytic digestion. On the basis of these data, a likely biosynthetic route to trichochrome pigments of red human hair is depicted. 相似文献
8.
Perfluoro oxymethylene vinyl ethers have been formed by a multi-step synthesis. The key intermediates are low molecular weight perfluoropolyether (PFPE) fluoroformates CF3O(CF2O)nCOF (I) n=1-6 obtained from the photo-oxidation of perfluoro propene (HFP) in perfluorohexane. Under certain conditions the light-mediated fluorination of PFPE fluoroformates (I) gives PFPE hypofluorites CF3O(CF2O)nCF2OF (II), which can be added to sym dichlorodifluoroethene to form the dichloro adduct CF3O(CF2O)nCF2OCFClCF2Cl (III) which, after dechlorination, gives the desired vinyl ethers CF3O(CF2O)nCF2OCFCF2 (IV). Every reaction step has to be properly controlled as far as the reaction variables are concerned. A mechanistic scheme is presented that is consistent with the observed experimental data. 相似文献
9.
[reaction: see text] The stereospecific alpha-lithiation of optically active styrene oxides and the trapping reaction of the corresponding highly reactive intermediates with electrophiles to produce optically active styrene oxide derivatives are described. This methodology has been applied to the synthesis of an optically active oral antifungal agent of industrial interest. 相似文献
10.
Alessandro Pezzella Liliana Lista Alessandra Napolitano Marco d’Ischia 《Tetrahedron letters》2005,46(20):3541-3544
A one-pot procedure for the preparation of catecholestrogens in over 90% yield is reported, involving oxygenation of 17β-estradiol or estrone with o-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) followed by reduction with methanolic NaBH4. The procedure, which was extended to the o-hydroxylation of a number of representative phenols in good-to-high yields, expands significantly the scope of phenolic oxidation mediated by IBX. 相似文献