Prediction on Critical Micelle Concentration of Nonionic Surfactants in Aqueous Solution： Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship Approach

IntroductionCriticalmicelleconcentration (cmc)ofsurfactantsinaqueoussolutionisoneofthemostusefulparametersforcharacterizingthepropertiesofsurfactants.Overaverynarrowconcentrationrangearoundthecmctransitionsoftheexistenceofsurfactantsoccurfrommonomer ,premicel lartomicellar .Andcompanyingthesetransitions ,manyotherimportantpropertiesofsurfactantsolution ,suchassurfacetension ,interfacialtension ,conductivity ,osmoticpressure ,detergency ,emulsification ,foamingandsoon ,alsochangesharplyatthepoi…     

随机载荷作用下浅曲结构首次发生突变时间的概率分析

本文用能量包线随机平均法,导出了随机载荷作用下浅曲结构首次发生突变的时间的各阶矩的解析表达式,并通过用臆式差分法数字求解条件可靠性函数所满足的后向柯尔英哥洛夫方程,给出了发生首次突变的时间的概率密度.与数字模拟结果比较表明,在结构阻尼不大时该法给出令人满意的结果.文中还研究了各种参数对结构首次发生突变的时间统计量的影响.     

Study on the Radius of an Electrical Spherical Micelle： Functional Theoretical Approach

For the purpose of eliminating restriction, the Poisson-Bokzmann (PB) equation, which represents the potential of the electrical double layer of spherical miceUes, can be solved analytically only under the lower potential condition, a kind of iterative method in functional analysis theory has been used. The radius of the spherical particle can be obtained from the diagram of the second iterative solution of the potential versus the distance from the center of the particle. The influences of the concentration of the ions, the charge number of ions, the aggregation number of the particle, the dielectric constant of solvent and the temperature of system on the radius also have been studied.     

EXTENDED SYSTEMS FOR MULTIPLE S-BREAKING TURNING POINTS IN Z_2×Z_2-SYMMETRIC NONLINEAR PROBLEMS

Making use of the Z2×Z2 symmetry,we could study the structure near multiple S-treaking turning points.In particular,we show that there exist two kinds of singular point path through double S breaking turning points and triple S bieaking turning points,one ts quadratic turning pornt path and one is quadratic pitch fork bifurcation point path.Some simple regular extended systems to corn pute double and triple S-breaking turning points are proposed.Numerical examples are also green     

关于图的顶点性质的注记

本文首先推广了可到达顶点的概念,然后引进了V的子集的闭集和闭包的定义.最后得到一些有趣的性质和结果。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定水样中的痕量锌

文章对锌含量在μg·mL~(-1)～mg·L~(-1)范围的水样品的石墨炉原子吸收法测定进行了研究。通常由于在石墨炉原子吸收法测定中,由于锌的灵敏度很高使制样过程易受到污染,而火焰原子吸收法测定需较繁杂的富集。通过在样品加入乙醇降低空白值和改进精密度,调节仪器条件的内气流为0.5L·min~(-1)以降低锌的灵敏度,使方法线性范围达到0～20μg·L~(-1)。本法相对标准偏差为0.5％～5.9％之间,检测限为0.098μg·L~(-1)。应用于天然河水、自来水及瓶装矿泉水中锌的测定,结果令人满意。     

CeO_2∶Eu~(3 )粉末的溶胶-凝胶法制备及发光性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同浓度Eu3 掺杂的CeO2发光粉,样品粉末在紫外光激发下发出明亮的橙红色光。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、热重-差热分析(TG-DTA)和光致发光光谱(PL)对样品的结晶过程和发光性质进行了表征。XRD分析表明在0.2at.%～10at.%的Eu3 掺杂范围内,用溶胶-凝胶法合成的样品在500℃就结晶成纯相的CeO2∶Eu3 多晶粉末。由于Ce4 和Eu3 离子半径十分接近,因而Eu3 在CeO2中具有较高的固溶度。PL激发谱中出现在300～390nm的宽带激发峰起源于基质CeO2的吸收,电子吸收能量后,发生O2-—Ce4 的电荷迁移,再将能量传递给Eu3 。PL发射谱显示Eu3 含量为6at.%的样品发光强度最强,随后出现浓度猝灭。导致发光出现浓度猝灭的机制是电偶极-电四极相互作用。样品烧结温度的升高,促使晶粒长大和结晶完整性提高,从而显著提高了CeO2∶Eu3 粉末的发光强度。     

A NEW APPROACH FOR THE COMPUTATION OF DOUBLE SYMMETRY-BREAKING TURNING POINTS

We will consider an extension of a direct method due to Griewank and Reddien for the computation of double symmetry-breaking turning points which arise in the two-parameter dependent nonlinear problem of the form f(x,λ,μ)= 0. The method proposed could produce an extended system which does not introduce the null vectors as variables, and could therefore reduce the computational effort and storage. One numerical example is presented to demonstrate that the method is efficient.     

The variational principles and application of nonlinear numerical manifold method

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Ca_2SnO_4:Tb~(3+)绿色荧光粉的制备及光致发光研究

采用高温固相法合成了Ca2SnO4∶Tb3+绿色荧光粉。利用X射线衍射分析了Ca2SnO4∶Tb3+物相的形成。测量了Ca2SnO4∶Tb3+的激发和发射光谱,激发光谱由一个宽激发峰组成,研究了Tb3+浓度对样品激发光谱的影响,结果显示,随Tb3+浓度增大,宽带激发峰发生了红移。发射光谱由四个主要发射峰组成,峰值分别位于491,543,588和623nm处,Tb3+以5 D4—7 F5(543nm)跃迁发射最强,低掺杂浓度下,Tb3+的7 F6能级出现斯托克劈裂,劈裂峰(481nm处)随Tb3+浓度增加,先增强然后减弱;在发光强度方面,随Tb3+浓度的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势,当Tb3+摩尔浓度为9%时,发光强度最大,根据Dexter理论,确定了在Ca2SnO4基质中Tb3+自身浓度猝灭机理。荧光寿命测试表明Tb3+在Ca2SnO4基质中荧光衰减平均寿命为4.4ms。