Synthesis and Chemical Transformations of 7-Hydroxybicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-3-carbohydrazide

Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry - The reaction of 4-oxahomoadamantan-5-one with hydrazine gave (3-exo,7-endo)-7-hydroxybicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-3-carbohydrazide. The latter was reacted with...     

Domino Staudinger/aza‐Wittig/Mannich Reaction: An Approach to Diversity of Di‐ and Tetrahydropyrrole Scaffolds

A highly efficient and selective domino reaction producing valuable di‐ and tetrahydropyrrole‐based skeletons from azidoethyl‐substituted CH‐acids and (thio)carbonyl compounds has been developed. By involving the additional functional groups in starting compounds into the domino reaction or postmodification of the primary reaction products, the simple construction of the pharmaceutically relevant three‐ and polycyclic azaheterocyclic scaffolds was demonstrated.     

Synthesis of Chiral Ligands on the Basis of 1-(Adamantan-1-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine

Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry - The reduction of 1-(adamantan-1-yl)-2-azidoethan-1-one oxime with LiAlH4 gave racemic 1-(adamantan-1-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine, which was resolved with l-tartaric...     

Rearrangement of the bow shock shape using a “hot spike”

A method of possible diagnostics of supersonic flows around a blunt body and its aerodynamic characteristics by means of a thin channel of reduced density emerging in front of the bow shock wave is discussed. The channel was placed parallel to the body axis or inclined to it. Under the conditions of initially uniform pressure the temperature in the channel (the hot spike) is higher than that of the environment. A thin hot spike, which as its limit is infinitely thin, results in the formation of a precursory disturbance in front of the bow shock wave. The length of the precursor is comparable with the characteristic length, that is, the cross section of the blunt body. The hot spike when localized parallel to the body axis and not in line with it yields turning and deviating moments, a lift force was generated even for a symmetric blunt body. Possible applications of this effect are, for example, a change of the trajectory of a small asteroid by means of using the hot spike.This article was processed using Springer-Verlag T_EX Shock Waves macro package 1.0 and the AMS fonts, developed by the American Mathematical Society.     

Vortex flows induced by interaction of a shock wave with thin regions of finite length and reduced density

A theoretical and experimental investigation has been made of the dynamics of the vortex flow induced by thin regions of reduced density in precursors that develop ahead of shock fronts during the propagation of shock waves through a channel and after its end up to the stage of restoration of the undisturbed flow. The satisfactory agreement between the experimental and calculated data indicates that the numerical analysis of the process in the framework of the Euler equations is valid.Translated from Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 3, pp. 149–153, May–June, 1993.     

Electric-current-induced restructuring of the porous space in a medium

Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki i Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki, No. 3, pp. 35–37, May–June, 1991.     

Shock adiabats of porous metals

In this paper we investigate the shock compression and also the unloading of shock-loaded metals, taking into account the air in the pore spaces between the grains of continuous metal. We study the range of pressures and temperatures of the air during the shock compression, wherein the contribution of the thermal radiation of the air to the pressure and energy is still unimportant. The experimental results, obtained in the pressure range 40–850 kbar for Ni, Cu, and W, agree within experimental error with calculated data. We give the experimental results for the unloading of porous copper from a pressure state of 485 kbar.Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki i Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki, No. 2, pp. 101–105, March–April, 1971.     

Geometry Optimization of Thermoelectric Modules: Deviation of Optimum Power Output and Conversion Efficiency

Besides the material research in the field of thermoelectrics, the way from a material to a functional thermoelectric (TE) module comes alongside additional challenges. Thus, comprehension and optimization of the properties and the design of a TE module are important tasks. In this work, different geometry optimization strategies to reach maximum power output or maximum conversion efficiency are applied and the resulting performances of various modules and respective materials are analyzed. A Bi₂Te₃-based module, a half-Heusler-based module, and an oxide-based module are characterized via FEM simulations. By this, a deviation of optimum power output and optimum conversion efficiency in dependence of the diversity of thermoelectric materials is found. Additionally, for all modules, the respective fluxes of entropy and charge as well as the corresponding fluxes of thermal and electrical energy within the thermolegs are shown. The full understanding and enhancement of the performance of a TE module may be further improved.