Anodic Voltammetric Determination of an Atypical Antipsychotic Drug Amisulphide in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms Using Electrochemical fsDNA Biosensor

Russian Journal of Electrochemistry - In this study, a new biosensor for amisulpride (ASP) determination is defined. The interaction between ASP and fish sperm double-stranded DNA (FSdsDNA) was...     

Natural convection and conduction heat transfer in open shallow cavities with bounding walls

A numerical study has been carried out on inclined open shallow cavities, which are formed by a wall and horizontal fins. Constant heat flux is applied on the surface of the wall inside the cavity while its other surface was kept isothermal. The wall and the fins are conductive. Conjugate heat transfer by natural convection and conduction is studied by numerically solving equations of mass, momentum and energy. Streamlines and isotherms are produced, heat and mass transfer is calculated. A parametric study is carried out using following parameters: Rayleigh number from 10⁶ to 10¹², conductivity ratio from 1 to 60, open cavity aspect ratio from 1 to 0.125, dimensionless end wall thickness from 0.05 to 0.20, horizontal walls from 0.01 to 0.15 and inclination of the end wall from 90° to 45°. It is found that the volume flow rate and Nusselt number are a decreasing function of the cavity aspect ratio, horizontal fin thickness and conductivity ratio. They are an increasing function of end wall thickness and inclination angle, except in the latter case optima exist at high Rayleigh numbers.     

The influence of diffusion temperature on the structural, optical and magnetic properties of manganese-doped zinc oxysulfide thin films

We investigated the structural, optical and magnetic properties of Mn-doped zinc oxysulfide films. Zn(O,S) films were deposited by a spray pyrolysis method on glass substrate. A thin Mn layer evaporated on these films served as the source for the diffusion doping. The XRD pattern of undoped films revealed the presence of two wurtzite phases corresponding to ZnS and ZnO with a strong preferred orientation along the ZnS (0 0 2) hexagonal plane direction. SEM showed a similar surface morphology for the undoped and Mn-doped films, displaying regular arrays of hexagonal micro-rods perpendicular to the substrate. The optical transmission measurements showed that both undoped and Mn diffusion-doped films had a low average transmittance less than about 10%. The gap energy is decreased from 3.42 to 3.33 eV upon annealing at 400 °C. Photoluminescence studies at 300 K show that the incorporation of manganese leads to a decrease of deep level band intensity compared to undoped sample. Clear ferromagnetic loops were observed for the Mn-doped Zn(O,S) films, which might be due to the presence of point defects.     

Copper‐Catalyzed Bis(methoxycarbonyl)carbene Reactions of α,β‐Unsaturated Carboxamides

The [Cu(acac)₂]‐catalyzed reactions of α,β‐unsaturated carboxamides with dimethyl diazomalonate yielded dihydrofuran derivatives by a 1,5‐electrocyclic reaction at C(β), and butadiene derivatives by carbene addition reaction at C(α) (Schemes 4 and 5; Table). Phenyl substituents at the N‐atom of the amides seem to be effective on the reaction pathways (Table).     

Phase diagrams in mixed spin-3/2 and spin-2 Ising system with two alternative layers within the effective-field theory

The phase diagrams in the mixed spin-3/2 and spin-2 Ising system with two alternative layers on a honeycomb lattice are investigated and discussed by the use of the effective-field theory with correlations. The interaction of the nearest-neighbour spins of each layer is taken to be positive (ferromagnetic interaction) and the interaction of the adjacent spins of the nearest-neighbour layers is considered to be either positive or negative (ferromagnetic or anti-ferromagnetic interaction). The temperature dependence of the layer magnetizations of the system is examined to characterize the nature (continuous or discontinuous) of the phase transitions and obtain the phase transition temperatures. The system exhibits both second-and first-order phase transitions besides triple point (T P ), critical end point (E), multicritical point (A), isolated critical point (C) and reentrant behaviour depending on the interaction parameters. We have also studied the temperature dependence of the total magnetization to find the compensation points, as well as to determine the type of behaviour, and N-type behaviour in N′eel classification nomenclature existing in the system. The phase diagrams are constructed in eight different planes and it is found that the system also presents the compensation phenomena depending on the sign of the bilinear exchange interactions.     

Netlike partial cubes III. The median cycle property

A graph G has the Median Cycle Property (MCP) if every triple (u₀,u₁,u₂) of vertices of G admits a unique median or a unique median cycle, that is a gated cycle C of G such that for all i,j,k∈{0,1,2}, if x_i is the gate of u_i in C, then: {x_i,x_j}⊆I_G(u_i,u_j) if i≠j, and d_G(x_i,x_j)<d_G(x_i,x_k)+d_G(x_k,x_j). We prove that a netlike partial cube has the MCP if and only if it contains no triple of convex cycles pairwise having an edge in common and intersecting in a single vertex. Moreover a finite netlike partial cube G has the MCP if and only if G can be obtained from a set of even cycles and hypercubes by successive gated amalgamations, and equivalently, if and only if G can be obtained from K₁ by a sequence of special expansions. We also show that the geodesic interval space of a netlike partial cube having the MCP is a Pash-Peano space (i.e. a closed join space).     

Genetic algorithms with shrinking population size

A Genetic Algorithm (GA) is an evolutionary computation technique inspired by the principle of biological evolution via natural selection. It employs the fundamental components of evolution, such as selection, mating, and mutation, which continue from generation to generation, creating better solutions as time progresses. Although it is mostly used as an optimization tool, GA enjoys a wide spectrum of applications in diverse fields such as engineering, medicine, and ecology, among others. In this study, we propose three different population size reduction methods for a typical GA optimization, aiming to increase efficiency. Additionally, we compare the accuracy and precision of these methods using Monte Carlo simulations.     

Global existence and decay of solutions for the generalized bad Boussinesq equation

In this paper,we consider the global existence of solutions for the Cauchy problem of the generalized sixth order bad Boussinesq equation.Moreover,we show that the supremum norm of the solution decays algebraically to zero as(1+t)(1/7)when t approaches to infnity,provided the initial data are sufciently small and regular.