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1.
Cascade reactions have been widely recognized to cut costs, decrease solvent usage, and reduce cycle times in chemical processes. Recently, biocatalytic cascades have altered how we design synthetic routes to complex molecules to achieve sustainable commercial processes for pharmaceutical, agricultural, and fine chemical industries. With advancements in protein engineering and an increase in the number of enzyme classes available to chemists, industrial and academic groups alike have endeavored to expand the scope of biocatalysis from single reactions to multi-enzyme cascades to rapidly build complex molecular structures. Recent reports have drawn inspiration from biosynthetic pathways and have applied engineered enzymes to in vitro enzymatic cascades. Furthermore, combining transition-metal catalysis and enzymes in one-pot chemoenzymatic cascades likewise serves to broaden the scope of biocatalysis, enabling traditional chemical reactions to be performed under mild aqueous conditions. In this article, we review recent biocatalytic and chemoenzymatic cascades from 2019 to 2021. 相似文献
2.
Jose M. Guisan Gloria Fernandez-Lorente Javier Rocha-Martin Daniel Moreno-Gamero 《Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry》2022
Different strategies for the preparation of efficient and robust immobilized biocatalysts are here reviewed. Different physico-chemical approaches are discussed.i.- The stabilization of enzyme by any kind of immobilization on pre-existing porous supports.ii.- The stabilization of enzymes by multipoint covalent attachment on support surfaces.iii.- Additional stabilization of immobilized-stabilized enzyme by physical or chemical modification with polymers.These three strategies can be easily developed when enzymes are immobilized in pre-existing porous supports. In addition to that, these immobilized-stabilized derivatives are optimal to develop enzyme reaction engineering and reactor engineering. Stabilizations ranging between 1000 and 100,000 folds regarding diluted soluble enzymes are here reported. 相似文献
3.
Hydrothermal synthesis using graphene oxide (GO) as a precursor has been used to produce luminescent graphene quantum dots (GQDs). However, such a method usually requires many reagents and multistep pretreatments, while can give rise to GQDs with low quantum yield (QY). Here, we investigated the concentration, the temperature of synthesis, and the pH of the GO solution used in the hydrothermal method through factorial design experiments aiming to optimize the QY of GQDs to reach a better control of their luminescent properties. The best synthesis condition (2 mg/mL, 175 °C, and pH = 8.0) yielded GQDs with a relatively high QY (8.9%) without the need of using laborious steps or dopants. GQDs synthesized under different conditions were characterized to understand the role of each synthesis parameter in the materials' structure and luminescence properties. It was found that the control of the synthesis parameters enables the tailoring of the amount of specific oxygen functionalities onto the surface of the GQDs. By changing the synthesis' conditions, it was possible to prioritize the production of GQDs with more hydroxyl or carboxyl groups, which influence their luminescent properties. The as-developed GQDs with tailored composition were used as luminescent probes to detect Fe3+. The lowest limit of detection (0.136 μM) was achieved using GQDs with higher amounts of carboxylic groups, while wider linear range was obtained by GQDs with superior QY. Thus, our findings contribute to rationally produce GQDs with tailored properties for varied applications by simply adjusting the synthesis conditions and suggest a pathway to understand the mechanism of detection of GQDs-based optical sensors. 相似文献
4.
Reutova O. V. Belokoneva E. L. Dimitrova O. V. Volkov A. S. 《Crystallography Reports》2022,67(7):1122-1126
Crystallography Reports - Fluoride crystals K2(Ta0.9I0.1)F7 (sp. gr. Р21/c) complementary to the K2TaF7 and K2NbF7 fluoride family have been obtained by hydrothermal synthesis. Their... 相似文献
5.
Fluid Dynamics - The stability and nonlinear interaction between the disturbances in a round jet are investigated numerically at Re = 2850. The conditions of the laboratory experiment performed... 相似文献
6.
Nonlinear Dynamics - In this paper, an economic competition between two firms that want to maximize the weighted-average social welfare and own profits is proposed. This kind of competition is... 相似文献
7.
Crystallography Reports - The review presents the important unique results of the cycle of research led by M.V. Kovalchuk on the fundamental patterns of protein interactions and the protein... 相似文献
8.
Osipov Yu. V. Voznesenskii A. S. 《Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics》2022,63(2):347-355
Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics - A method for determining the empirical dependence of the rheological properties of rocks on stresses has been developed and tested in... 相似文献
9.
Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics - New data concerning neutrino oscillations as obtained in the T2K and NOvA accelerator neutrino experiments are considered. Both collaborations... 相似文献
10.
Pomogaev V. A. Lee H. J. Goh E. Tchaikovskaya O. N. Kononov A. I. Avramov P. V. 《Russian Physics Journal》2022,64(11):2076-2081
Russian Physics Journal - Theoretical calculations of excited states in the complexes of gold and silver three-atom nanoclusters with carbon quantum nanodots are performed using the M062X... 相似文献