A DMI Guide to Magnets Micro-World

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics - Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, DMI in short, represents an antisymmetric type of magnetic interactions that favor orthogonal orientation...     

Simulation of operation modes of a centrifugal conductive magnetohydrodynamic pump

A mathematical model of a centrifugal conductive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) pump that calculates the distributions of velocity, current density, and pressure along the channel is developed. The viscous forces in the original system of MHD equations are taken into account on the basis of the known square law of the drag for a turbulent flow in a pipe, generalized for the case of plane flows in a channel. Dependences of the drag coefficient on the main governing parameters (metal flow rate, current intensity, and intensity of magnetic induction), which provide the agreement of the calculated and experimental data on the pressure at the pump outlet for different operation modes, are obtained. It is shown that these dependences have a universal character and the proposed model can be used to design pumps of this type and to manage their operation in production industry.     

Robustness of the Van Hove scenario for high-T(c) superconductors

The pinning of the Fermi level to the Van Hove singularity and the formation of flat bands in the two-dimensional t-t' Hubbard model is investigated by the renormalization group technique. The "Van Hove" scenario of non-Fermi-liquid behavior for high-T(c) compounds can take place in a broad enough range of the hole concentrations. The results are in qualitative agreement with the recent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy data on La 2CuO (4).     

Measurement and modeling of three-dimensional sound intensity variations due to shallow-water internal waves

Broadband acoustic data (30-160 Hz) from the SWARM'95 experiment are analyzed to investigate acoustic signal variability in the presence of ocean internal waves. Temporal variations in the intensity of the received signals were observed over periods of 10 to 15 min. These fluctuations are synchronous in depth and are dependent upon the water column variability. They can be explained by significant horizontal refraction taking place when the orientation of the acoustic track is nearly parallel to the fronts of the internal waves. Analyses based on the equations of vertical modes and horizontal rays and on a parabolic equation in the horizontal plane are carried out and show interesting frequency-dependent behavior of the intensity. Good agreement is obtained between theoretical calculations and experimental data.     

Role of the d-f Coulomb interaction in intermediate valence and Kondo systems: a numerical renormalization group study

Using the numerical renormalization group method, the dependences on temperature of the magnetic susceptibility χ(T) and specific heat C(T) are obtained for the single-impurity Anderson model with inclusion of d-f the Coulomb interaction. It is shown that the exciton effects caused by this effect (charge fluctuations) can significantly change the behaviour of C(T) in comparison with the standard Anderson model at moderately low temperatures, whereas the behaviour of χ(T) remains nearly universal. The ground-state and temperature-dependent renormalizations of the effective hybridization parameter and f-level position caused by the d-f interaction are calculated, and satisfactory agreement with the Hartree-Fock approximation is derived.     

On the structural and magnetic properties of amorphous Fe84−x W x B16 alloys in dependence of W content

A series of rapidly solidificated amorphous Fe_84?x W _x B₁₆ (x=0–5) alloys have been studied. A strictly linear decrease ofH _eff versus concentration of W has been observed by Mössbauer spectroscopy.     

Two-site Kondo effect in atomic chains

Linear CoCu(n)Co clusters on Cu(111) fabricated by atomic manipulation represent a two-site Kondo system with tunable interaction. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy reveals oscillations of the Kondo temperature T(K) with the number n of Cu atoms for n≥3. Density functional calculations show that the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interaction mediated by the Cu chains causes the oscillations. Calculations find ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interaction for n=1 and 2, respectively. Both interactions lead to a decrease of T(K) as experimentally observed.     

γ-Mn at the border between weak and strong correlations

We investigate the role of magnetic fluctuations in the spectral properties of paramagnetic γ-Mn. Two methods are employed. The Local Density Approximation plus Dynamical Mean-Field Theory together with the numerically exact quantum Monte-Carlo solver is used as a reference for the spectral properties. Then the same scheme is used with the computationally less demanding perturbative spin-polarized fluctuation-exchange solver in combination with the Disordered Local Moment approach, and photoemission spectra are calculated within the one-step model. It is shown that the formation of local magnetic moments in γ-Mn is very sensitive to the value of Hund’s exchange parameter. Comparison with the experimental photoemission spectra demonstrates that γ-Mn is a strongly correlated system, with the Hubbard band formation, which cannot be described by the perturbative approach. However, minor change of parameters would transform it into a weakly correlated system.     

Magnetism and local distortions near carbon impurity in gamma-iron

Local perturbations of the crystal and magnetic structure of gamma-iron near carbon interstitial impurity is investigated by ab initio electronic structure calculations. It is shown that the carbon impurity creates locally a region of ferromagnetic ordering with substantial tetragonal distortions. Exchange integrals and solution enthalpy are calculated, the latter being in very good agreement with experimental data. The effect of the local distortions on the carbon-carbon interactions in gamma-iron is discussed.