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1.
Advances in Computational Mathematics - It is well known in the literature that standard hierarchical matrix ( ${\mathscr{H}}$ -matrix)-based methods, although very efficient for asymptotically...  相似文献   
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We have developed a simple protocol for the preparation of 1,2-fluorohydrin by asymmetric hydrogenation of fluorinated allylic alcohols using an efficient azabicyclo thiazole-phosphine iridium complex. The iridium-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of chiral 1,2-fluorohydrin molecules was carried out at ambient temperature with operational simplicity, and scalability. This method was compatible with various aromatic, aliphatic, and heterocyclic fluorinated compounds as well as a variety of polyfluorinated compounds, providing the corresponding products in excellent yields and enantioselectivities.

We have developed a simple protocol for the preparation of 1,2-fluorohydrin by asymmetric hydrogenation of fluorinated allylic alcohols using an efficient azabicyclo thiazole-phosphine iridium complex.  相似文献   
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Matching of symmetry at interfaces is a fundamental obstacle in molecular assembly. Virus‐like particles (VLPs) are important vaccine platforms against pathogenic threats, including Covid‐19. However, symmetry mismatch can prohibit vaccine nanoassembly. We established an approach for coupling VLPs to diverse antigen symmetries. SpyCatcher003 enabled efficient VLP conjugation and extreme thermal resilience. Many people had pre‐existing antibodies to SpyTag:SpyCatcher but less to the 003 variants. We coupled the computer‐designed VLP not only to monomers (SARS‐CoV‐2) but also to cyclic dimers (Newcastle disease, Lyme disease), trimers (influenza hemagglutinins), and tetramers (influenza neuraminidases). Even an antigen with dihedral symmetry could be displayed. For the global challenge of influenza, SpyTag‐mediated display of trimer and tetramer antigens strongly induced neutralizing antibodies. SpyCatcher003 conjugation enables nanodisplay of diverse symmetries towards generation of potent vaccines.  相似文献   
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The reversibility of imine bonds has been exploited to great effect in the field of dynamic covalent chemistry, with applications such as preparation of functional systems, dynamic materials, molecular machines, and covalent organic frameworks. However, acid catalysis is commonly needed for efficient equilibration of imine mixtures. Herein, it is demonstrated that hydrogen bond donors such as thioureas and squaramides can catalyze the equilibration of dynamic imine systems under unprecedentedly mild conditions. Catalysis occurs in a range of solvents and in the presence of many sensitive additives, showing moderate to good rate accelerations for both imine metathesis and transimination with amines, hydrazines, and hydroxylamines. Furthermore, the catalyst proved simple to immobilize, introducing both reusability and extended control of the equilibration process.  相似文献   
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The synthesis and physico‐chemical properties of seven benzil‐type voltage stabilizers are reported. The benzil core is substituted with alkyl chains of different length that are linked to the benzil core via an ester, ether, or tertiary amine group. All additives can be melt‐processed with low‐density polyethylene (LDPE). Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy confirms that benzil compounds are not affected by the LDPE cross‐linking reaction induced by dicumyl peroxide. Moreover, a combination of gel content measurements, thermal analysis, and small‐angle X‐ray scattering indicates that the presence of benzil voltage stabilizers does not significantly alter the microstructure of cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE). Electrical tree inhibition experiments under high‐voltage alternating current conditions show that all investigated additives substantially enhance the dielectric strength of the insulating material at a concentration of only 10 mmol kg?1. The highest improvement in dielectric strength, of more than 70% with respect to reference XLPE, is obtained with voltage stabilizers, which carry short (methyl) side chains that are linked to the benzil core via an ester or tertiary amine group. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2014 , 52, 1047–1054  相似文献   
8.
The asymmetric synthesis of 1,3-oxathiolan-5-one derivatives through an enzyme-catalyzed, dynamic covalent kinetic resolution strategy is presented. Dynamic hemithioacetal formation combined with intramolecular, lipase-catalyzed lactonization resulted in good conversions with moderate to good enantiomeric excess (ee) for the final products. The process was evaluated for different lipase preparations, solvents, bases, and reaction temperatures, where lipase B from Candida antarctica (CAL-B) proved most efficient. The substrate scope was furthermore explored for a range of aldehyde structures, together with the potential access to nucleoside analog inhibitor core structures.  相似文献   
9.
Nanocomposites, reinforced by different types of cellulose fibrils, have gained increased interest the last years due to the promising mechanical properties. There is a lack of knowledge about the mechanical properties of the cellulose fibrils, and their contribution to the often claimed potential of the impressive mechanical performance of the nanocomposites. This paper investigates the contribution from different types of cellulose nanofibril to the overall elastic properties of composites. A multiscale model is proposed, that allows back-calculation of the elastic properties of the fibril from the macroscopic elastic properties of the composites. The different types of fibrils used were nanofibrillated cellulose from wood, bacterial cellulose nano-whiskers and microcrystalline cellulose. Based on the overall properties of the composite with an unaged polylactide matrix, the effective longitudinal Young’s modulus of the fibrils was estimated to 65 GPa for the nanofibrillated cellulose, 61 GPa for the nano whiskers and only 38 GPa for the microcrystalline cellulose. The ranking and absolute values are in accordance with other studies on nanoscale morphology and stiffness estimates. Electron microscopy revealed that in the melt-processed cellulose nanofibril reinforced thermoplastics, the fibrils tended to agglomerate and form micrometer scale platelets, effectively forming a microcomposite and not a nanocomposite. This dispersion effect has to be addressed when developing models describing the structure–property relations for cellulose nanofibril composites.  相似文献   
10.
Using the methods developed for different Bianchi class A cosmological models we treat the simplest Bianchi class B model, namely Bianchi type V. The future non-linear stability for solutions of the Einstein–Vlasov system is demonstrated and it is shown that these solutions are asymptotically stable to the Milne solution. Within the isotropic solutions of the Einstein–Vlasov system the spatially flat Friedmann solution is unstable within this class, and expanding models tend also to the Milne solution.  相似文献   
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