纳米阵列中气体驱替液体的流动特征

纳米尺度下气体驱动液体流动特征在纳流控芯片及页岩气开发中具有广泛的应用前景. 利用管径规格为292.8 nm,206.2 nm,89.2 nm,67.0 nm,26.1 nm的氧化铝膜为纳米阵列,进行气驱水实验和单相气体流动实验,分析纳米尺度下气驱水流动特征. 实验表明,纳米阵列中气驱水时气体流量随驱动压力变化经历三个阶段:第一阶段流量缓慢增大,且比单相气体流量降低约一个数量级;第二阶段纳米阵列中的水被大量驱替出,流量迅速增大;第三阶段纳米阵列中的水全部被驱替出,流动特征与单相气体流动保持一致. 分析表明,气驱水第一阶段存在气液界面毛细管力的“钉扎”作用及固液界面相互作用力的影响,是产生非线性流动的主要原因;而一旦“钉扎”作用破坏,气体进入管道推动界面运动,气柱与液柱之间的毛细曲面曲率变化,毛细管力减小,气体流量急剧增大,其中毛细管力随驱替压力增大急剧变化,是造成第二阶段气体流量突变的主要原因.      

THE TRANSIENT ELLIPTIC FLOW OF POWER-LAW FLUID IN FRACTAL POROUS MEDIA

1　ＴｈｅＦｌｏｗＭｏｄｅｌｏｆＰｏｗｅｒ＿ＬａｗＦｌｕｉｄｉｎＲａｄｉｃａｌＦｒａｃｔａｌＲｅｓｅｒｖｏｉｒＴｈｅｔｒａｎｓｉｅｎｔｆｌｏｗｏｆｐｏｗｅｒ＿ｌａｗｆｌｕｉｄｉｎｒａｄｉｃａｌｆｒａｃｔａｌｒｅｓｅｒｖｏｉｒｉｓｓｔｕｄｉｅｄｉｎＲｅｆ.[1 ] ,ａｎｄａｎａｌｙｔｉｃａｌｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｆＬａｐｌａｃｅｓｐａｃｅｉｓｄｅｒｉｖｅｄ .ＩｎＲｅｆ.[2 ] ,ｔｈｅｔｒａｎｓｉｅｎｔｅｌｌｉｐｔｉｃａｌｆｌｏｗｉｓｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｄｏｎｍｏｄｅｌｏｆｅｘｐａｎｄｉｎｇｒｅｃｔａｎｇｌｅ .Ｔ…     

页岩储层纳微米孔隙CO2/CH4吸附及驱替特性研究进展

利用CO₂开采页岩气不仅能够提高页岩气采收率, 还能够节省水资源并且对CO₂进行地质封存, 有助于实现页岩气开采过程的碳中和. 富有机质页岩储层纳微米孔隙中气体运移机制不同于常规储层, CO₂在储层中具有超临界特性, 致使开采机理复杂, 无法得到CO₂开采页岩气微观机理的准确认识, 所以研究CH₄, CO₂及其二元混合物在页岩储层纳微米孔隙中的吸附及驱替特性对准确评估和高效开采页岩气至关重要. 本文从实验、理论以及模拟方面对页岩储层纳微米孔隙中CH₄的吸附特性、CO₂/CH₄二元混合物竞争吸附特性以及驱替特性进行了综合分析, 对气体在纳微米孔隙中吸附及驱替特性的基础研究及关键问题进行讨论分析并提出了展望. 研究表明CH₄在页岩储层中表现为物理吸附, 有机质特征(丰度、成熟度、类型)、孔隙结构、无机矿物组成、温度和压力、含水率对页岩的CH₄吸附能力均有一定程度的影响. 在相同条件下, CO₂比CH₄更易被页岩储层吸附, 在页岩储层中注入CO₂可以促进CH₄的解吸, 并有利于CO₂的地质埋存. 开采方案的部署可采用井网形式的注采方式, 可以通过调整注入井的位置、数量以及CO₂注入速率对开采方案进行优化.      

Flow Characteristics of Deionized Water in Microtubes

We investigate the deionized water flows in microtubes made of quartz at high pressure under steady flow condition in situations that （i） pure nitrogen is used as the pressure source, and the experimental pressure is 0.1-1 MPa; （ii） the inner diameters of the experimental microtubes are from 6μm to 50μm. The results indicate that （i） the flow characteristics of the microtubes with inner diameters of 50μm, 20μm, 15μm,10μm agree well with the traditional macro flow mechanics, （ii） there are obvious warps as compared with theoretical values in 6μm microtubes.     

Measurement of Threshold Pressure Gradient of Microchannels by Static Method

The development of oil fields and laboratory experiment present the threshold pressure gradient （TPG） of liquid flow in low permeability porous media, which is called the micro-size effect in porous media. Some micro-size effects in micro-electro-mechanism systems （MEMS） are not always in agreement with each other. We propose an experiment setup to measure the TPG of microchannels by static method in the microchannels with the diameter ranging from 20-320μm. The results present the existence of TPG in microchannel, and show an effect that the TPG of microchannel increases with decreasing hydrodynamic diameter. The relation between TPG and diameter is in agreement with single-log normalization. Additionally, the influence of errors in the experiment shows the data of experiment are valid. Finally, the mechanism of micro-size effects is discussed by revealing the facial force between liquid and solid and theory of boundary liquid, but the explanation is still not good, and needs further study.     

具有弱夹层的封闭油藏中的瞬态渗流

多层油藏分为层间无窜流的油藏和层间有窜流的油藏。本文研究了层间有弱渗透夹层的两层油藏中两种情形的瞬态渗流,包括单层打开的瞬态渗流和一层注入、一层采出的两层油藏的瞬态渗流。用面积平均方法求出了弱渗透夹层封闭油藏中瞬态渗流的平均压降。分析表明:在渗流前期,层间窜流量逐渐增大,在后期层间窜流量趋于稳定;在单层开采的情况下:初期两层压降不同,非打开层的压降有滞后现象,并且隔层渗透率越小,油井工作强度越弱,滞后时间越长;后期两层压降趋于一致,可以作为一层油藏处理。在一注一采的油藏中,当注采量相同时,两层压降在后期趋于不同的稳定值;当注采量不同时,两层压降在后期趋于一致,但不能达到稳定。     

微管中非混溶两种流体运动界面的特征

以平流泵为压力源,在不同管径的石英微管中进行流动试验,显微镜观察和拍摄水-气界面和油-水界面,在微米尺度下进行了不同流速的运动界面实验,研究了微管中非混溶两种流体运动界面的特征,以及润湿性对流体在微管中流动界面的影响.实验中观察到了润湿界面的滞后现象,即界面随流速的不同而改变的现象.实验结果表明:水在微管中流动的气液界面随着流速的不同形状发生改变,流速较小时,界面基本保持为凹液面;随着流速的增加,液面由凹液面向平液面发展,进而发展为凸液面.在表面张力的作用下,微管的尺寸越小,两种流体的性质差别越大,界面的润湿滞后现象越不明显,讨论了界面和润湿滞后存在的问题和可能的应用.     

Transient pressure of percolation through one dimension porous media with threshold pressure gradient

IntroductionManyexperimentsshow[1,2,3]thatthepercolationinlowPermeabilityisnotfittoDarcy'sLaw.Theparticularcharacteristheexistenceofthresholdpressuregradient[1],inotherwords:thefluidcanflow,onlywhentherealpressuregradientislargerthanthresholdpressuregradient.Thedevelopmentinthisresearchingfieldhasn'tmuchprogressbecauseofquestionsineconomicsandteelmologysincethisconceptwasformedin1951.ThisfieldisbecominganewwarmresearchingPOintasChinadevelopedthelowPermeabilityreservoirsinlastfewyears.Thego…     

Static Threshold Pressure Gradient Characteristics of Liquid Influenced by Boundary Wettability

We propose an experimental setup to measure the threshold pressure gradient （TPG） of microchannels with different wettability surfaces by the static method in microchannels with diameters from 20 μm to 320 μm, and compare the TPG of microchannels with adsorption of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide （CTAB） with that without CTAB adsorption. The results show the existence of TPG in microchannels. The TPG of microchannels increases with decreasing hydrodynamic diameter, and the relation between TPG and diameter is in agreement with the single-log normalization. The TPG of a microchannel with CTAB adsorption decreases obviously as compared with the microchannel without CTAB adsorption. The TPG of microchannels with different wettabilities of boundary surface are different, and the resistance of liquid flow can be reduced by changing the wettability of boundary surfaces.     

A simple scheme to generate χ-type four-charge entangled states in circuit QED

We propose a simple scheme to generate χ-type four-charge entangled states by using SQUID-based charge qubits capacitively coupled to a transmission line resonator (TLR). The coupling between the superconducting qubit and the TLR can be effectively controlled by properly adjusting the control parameters of the charge qubit. The experimental feasibility of our scheme is also shown.