Odd-Excited Binomial States of the Radiation Field and Some of Their Statistical Properties

In this paper a new state called odd-excited binomial state (OEBS) is introduced. It interpolates between the odd number state and the odd-excited coherent state. We discuss some statistical properties, such as the Glauber second-order correlation function and squeezing phenomenon (normal and amplitude-squared squeezing) for this state. The quasiprobability distribution functions (Husimi Q-function and Wigner W-function) are also examined.     

Quantum Properties of Odd Excited Negative Binomial States of the Radiation Field

The odd excited negative binomial states are introduced using the photon creation operator by repeated application on negative binomialstates. These states interpolate between the odd displaced Fock states and the odd excited pure thermal states. In this paper both squeezing phenomena (normal squeezing and amplitude squared squeezing) are discussed. Besides discussion of the Glauber second-order correlation function, investigations are carried out for the quasi-probability distribution functions (Wigner function and Q-function). Finally the Pegg-Barnett phase probability distribution is computed for these states.     

Ca(NO3)2•4H2O-catalysed Biginelli Reaction: One-pot Synthesis of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydropyrimidin-2-ones/pyrimidine-2-thiones under Solvent-free Conditions

The synthesis of 1,2,3,4-dihydropyrimidinone/thione derivatives was achieved in good to excellent yields using calcium(II) nitrate as catalyst to promote the Biginelli three-component condensation reaction from a diversity of aromatic aldehydes, β-keto compounds and urea or thiourea. The reaction was carried out under solvent-free conditions.     

Study of the dehydration of Portland Cement by Mössbauer spectrometry

Egyptian Portland Cement in the form of one inch cube was hydrated at different times of hydration. Nine cubes of each period of hydration were heated for five minutes 200, 300, 400 up to 1000°C then were quenched in air. The compressive strength was measured for these samples and related to unheated ones. These cubes were ground and measured by Mössbauer spectrometry to correlate the effect of dehydration of cement pastes on the states of iron, with the decrease of compressive strength. It was observed that starting from 400°C the central doublet characteristic of the hydration process decreased as the dehydration temperature was increased. At 1000°C the dehydration process was complete, the central doublet disappeared and the compressive strength vanished. The hydration process was found to be reversible. The application of Mössbauer spectrometry to estimate the degree of fire in concrete building was demonstrated.     

Reactions of copper acetylides. Structure of (π-C5H5)Ru(PPh3)2 (CCPh)CuCl,and new syntheses of transition metal cluster compounds

In contrast to a related iron—copper compound, the complex (π-C₅H₅)Ru(PPh₃)₂(C₂Ph)CuCl is shown to be monomeric, and contains linear dicoordinate copper(I); the reactions of this and similar complexes with metal carbonyls are sources of new mixed-metal clusters, such as (π-C₅H₅)Fe₂ Ru(C₂Ph)(CO)₆ (PPh₃).     

Synthesis and Reactions of 5-Amino-3-(3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-4-yl)-7-phenyl-7 H -thiazolo[3,2- a ]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile

5-Amino-3-(3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-4-yl)-7-phenyl-7H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carbonitrile was synthesized via the reaction of 4-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one with benzylidene malononitrile and was then transformed to related fused heterocyclic systems. The antifungal and antibacterial studies revealed in some cases excellent biocidal properties.     

End-to-end single cyanato and thiocyanato bridged Cu(II) polymers with a new tridentate Schiff base ligand: crystal structure and magnetic properties

A new tridentate Schiff base ligand HL (L = C14H19N2O), derived from the condensation of benzoylacetone and 2-dimethylaminoethylamine in a 1:1 ratio, reacts with copper(ii) acetate and cyanate, thiocyanate or azide, to give rise to several end-to-end polymeric complexes of formulae [CuL(mu(1,3)-NCO)]n 1, [CuL(mu(1,3)-NCS)]n 2 and the complex 3 has two crystallographically independent units of formula [CuL(N3)] in the asymmetric unit cell. Complex 3 exists in dimeric form rather than as a polymeric chain. Compound 1 is the first report of a singly end-to-end cyanate bridged polymeric chain of Cu(II) with a Schiff base as a co-ligand. There are many examples of double NCS bridged polymeric chains, but fewer singly bridged ones such as compound 2. We have characterized these complexes by analytical, spectroscopic, structural and variable temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements. The coordination geometry around the Cu(II) centers is distorted square pyramidal for 1 and 2 and square planar for complex 3. The magnetic susceptibility data show slight antiferromagnetic coupling for the polymers having J values -0.19 and -0.57 cm(-1) for complexes 1 and 2 respectively. The low values of J are consistent with the equatorial-axial disposition of the bridges in the polymers.     

Co(II)5(OH)6(SO4)2(H2O)4: the first ferromagnet based on a layered cobalt-hydroxide pillared by inorganic...OSO3-Co(H2O)4-O3SO..

The synthetic mineral Co(II)5(OH)6(SO4)2(H2O)4 (1), obtained by hydrothermal reaction of CoSO4.7H2O and NaOH at 165 degrees C and consisting of brucite-like Co4(OH)6O2 layers pillared by OSO3-Co(H2O)4-O3SO, is a ferromagnet (T(Curie)= 12 K, Hc= 580 Oe).     

Synthesis, nuclear, and magnetic structures and magnetic properties of [Mn3(OH)2(SO4)2(H2O)2

[Mn(3)(OH)(2)(SO(4))(2)(H(2)O)(2)] and its deuterated analogue were synthesized by a hydrothermal technique and characterized by differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and IR spectroscopy. Its nuclear structure, determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis and Rietveld analysis of neutron powder-diffraction data, consists of a 3D network of chains of edge-sharing Mn(1)O(6), running along the c axis, connected by the apices of Mn(2)O(6) and SO(4) units. It is isostructural to the nickel analogue. Determination of the magnetic structure and measurements of magnetization and heat capacity indicate the coexistence of both magnetic long-range ordering (LRO) and short-range ordering (SRO) below a Néel temperature of 26 K, while the SRO is retained at higher temperatures. The moments of the two independent Mn atoms lie in the bc plane, and that of Mn(1) rotates continuously by 54 degrees towards the c axis on decreasing the temperature from 25 to 1.4 K. While the SRO may be associated with frustration of the moments within a Mn(3) trimer, the LRO is achieved by antiparallel alignment of the four symmetry-related trimers within the magnetic unit cell. A spin-flop field, measured by dc and ac magnetization on a SQUID, is observed at 15 kOe.