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1.
Cascade reactions have been widely recognized to cut costs, decrease solvent usage, and reduce cycle times in chemical processes. Recently, biocatalytic cascades have altered how we design synthetic routes to complex molecules to achieve sustainable commercial processes for pharmaceutical, agricultural, and fine chemical industries. With advancements in protein engineering and an increase in the number of enzyme classes available to chemists, industrial and academic groups alike have endeavored to expand the scope of biocatalysis from single reactions to multi-enzyme cascades to rapidly build complex molecular structures. Recent reports have drawn inspiration from biosynthetic pathways and have applied engineered enzymes to in vitro enzymatic cascades. Furthermore, combining transition-metal catalysis and enzymes in one-pot chemoenzymatic cascades likewise serves to broaden the scope of biocatalysis, enabling traditional chemical reactions to be performed under mild aqueous conditions. In this article, we review recent biocatalytic and chemoenzymatic cascades from 2019 to 2021. 相似文献
2.
Jose M. Guisan Gloria Fernandez-Lorente Javier Rocha-Martin Daniel Moreno-Gamero 《Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry》2022
Different strategies for the preparation of efficient and robust immobilized biocatalysts are here reviewed. Different physico-chemical approaches are discussed.i.- The stabilization of enzyme by any kind of immobilization on pre-existing porous supports.ii.- The stabilization of enzymes by multipoint covalent attachment on support surfaces.iii.- Additional stabilization of immobilized-stabilized enzyme by physical or chemical modification with polymers.These three strategies can be easily developed when enzymes are immobilized in pre-existing porous supports. In addition to that, these immobilized-stabilized derivatives are optimal to develop enzyme reaction engineering and reactor engineering. Stabilizations ranging between 1000 and 100,000 folds regarding diluted soluble enzymes are here reported. 相似文献
3.
Hydrothermal synthesis using graphene oxide (GO) as a precursor has been used to produce luminescent graphene quantum dots (GQDs). However, such a method usually requires many reagents and multistep pretreatments, while can give rise to GQDs with low quantum yield (QY). Here, we investigated the concentration, the temperature of synthesis, and the pH of the GO solution used in the hydrothermal method through factorial design experiments aiming to optimize the QY of GQDs to reach a better control of their luminescent properties. The best synthesis condition (2 mg/mL, 175 °C, and pH = 8.0) yielded GQDs with a relatively high QY (8.9%) without the need of using laborious steps or dopants. GQDs synthesized under different conditions were characterized to understand the role of each synthesis parameter in the materials' structure and luminescence properties. It was found that the control of the synthesis parameters enables the tailoring of the amount of specific oxygen functionalities onto the surface of the GQDs. By changing the synthesis' conditions, it was possible to prioritize the production of GQDs with more hydroxyl or carboxyl groups, which influence their luminescent properties. The as-developed GQDs with tailored composition were used as luminescent probes to detect Fe3+. The lowest limit of detection (0.136 μM) was achieved using GQDs with higher amounts of carboxylic groups, while wider linear range was obtained by GQDs with superior QY. Thus, our findings contribute to rationally produce GQDs with tailored properties for varied applications by simply adjusting the synthesis conditions and suggest a pathway to understand the mechanism of detection of GQDs-based optical sensors. 相似文献
4.
Fluid Dynamics - Steady-state subsonic flows of nonequilibrium air plasma past a cylindrical body with plane face and heat transfer are investigated under the conditions characteristic of testing... 相似文献
5.
Massoumi Sina Challamel Noël Lerbet Jean Wautier Antoine Nicot François Darve Félix 《Meccanica》2022,57(8):2043-2066
Meccanica - This study is an attempt towards a better understanding of the length scale effects on the bending response of the granular beams. To this aim, a unidimensional discrete granular chain... 相似文献
6.
Nonlinear Dynamics - In this paper, an economic competition between two firms that want to maximize the weighted-average social welfare and own profits is proposed. This kind of competition is... 相似文献
7.
Crystallography Reports - The review presents the important unique results of the cycle of research led by M.V. Kovalchuk on the fundamental patterns of protein interactions and the protein... 相似文献
8.
Gareeva Z. V. Zvezdin A. K. Shul’ga N. V. Gareev T. T. Chen S. M. 《Physics of the Solid State》2022,64(5):248-254
Physics of the Solid State - Magnetoelectric effects in multiferroics with a perovskite structure, such as bismuth ferrite, rare-earth orthochromites, and Ruddlesden–Popper structures... 相似文献
9.
Kryukov R. E. Gromov V. E. Ivanov Yu. F. Kozyrev N. A. Rubannikova Yu. A. 《Russian Physics Journal》2022,65(2):332-336
Russian Physics Journal - Using the methods of modern physical materials science, the structural phase state, the defect substructure and the fracture surface of low-carbon alloy steel welds formed... 相似文献
10.
Palamarchuk I. V. Shulgau Z. T. Sergazy Sh. D. Zhulikeeva A. M. Seilkhanov T. M. Kulakov I. V. 《Russian Journal of General Chemistry》2022,92(9):1692-1705
Russian Journal of General Chemistry - On the basis of 4-(thien-2-yl)-3-aminopyridine-2(1H)-one, the corresponding chloroacetamide and condensed 1H-pyrido[2,3-b][1,4]oxazine-2(3H)-one were... 相似文献