方形管内楔形障碍物对火焰结构与传播的影响

通过实验与数值模拟方法对CH4/空气预混火焰在有楔形障碍物的卧式燃烧方管内的传播进行了研究。采用多镜头Cranz Schardin高速摄像机和压力传感器等实验设备获得了高清晰度的障碍物诱导火焰失稳的分幅时序照片以及障碍物背风表面压力变化曲线。数值模拟则基于RANS方法与EDU-Arrhenius燃烧模型,计算结果与实验结果基本相符,反映了火焰在管内传播与变形的详细过程。通过综合分析实验与计算结果,得到了由楔形障碍物导致的火焰加速与变形的内在机理,揭示了火焰传播过程中由层流燃烧向湍流燃烧转捩的本质。     

Discrete Boltzmann Method with Maxwell-Type Boundary Condition for Slip Flow

The rarefied effect of gas flow in microchannel is significant and cannot be well described by traditional hydrodynamic models. It has been known that discrete Boltzmann model(DBM) has the potential to investigate flows in a relatively wider range of Knudsen number because of its intrinsic kinetic nature inherited from Boltzmann equation.It is crucial to have a proper kinetic boundary condition for DBM to capture the velocity slip and the flow characteristics in the Knudsen layer. In this paper, we present a DBM combined with Maxwell-type boundary condition model for slip flow. The tangential momentum accommodation coefficient is introduced to implement a gas-surface interaction model.Both the velocity slip and the Knudsen layer under various Knudsen numbers and accommodation coefficients can be well described. Two kinds of slip flows, including Couette flow and Poiseuille flow, are simulated to verify the model.To dynamically compare results from different models, the relation between the definition of Knudsen number in hard sphere model and that in BGK model is clarified.     

激波在不同三角楔面内传播特性的数值研究

激波在收缩管内的反射与聚焦会形成高温高压区,点燃可燃混合气并诱导爆轰,因此对爆轰发动机的点火具有重要意义。本文基于二维N-S方程,结合五阶WENO格式,对马赫数为6的正激波在三角形楔面内的反射与聚焦现象进行了数值研究。结果表明,楔面顶角的变化对激波的反射类型以及聚焦均有明显的影响:随着顶角的增加,激波的反射类型从马赫反射向过渡马赫反射和双马赫反射转变,且壁面上的前向射流更加明显;三波点第一次碰撞产生的高温高压区足够满足可燃混合气体的点火条件,且其温度与压力值随顶角的增加而增大;当激波在楔面上发生临界双马赫反射时,温度与压力达到最大;当顶角增加到一定值时,激波在楔面反射转变为常规反射,不会产生激波对碰,因而没有高温高压区。     

不同磁场构型下Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性的数值研究及动态模态分解

基于磁流体动力学,本文通过数值模拟对不同磁场构型下轻质气柱界面Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性的演化过程进行了研究.结果显示:磁场对波系演化影响甚微,但能抑制界面不稳定性发展,且横向磁场抑制效果更好.无磁场时,界面形成涡串, SF_6射流穿过下游界面;有磁场时,界面光滑无涡串.其中,横向磁场下界面更光滑, SF_6射流不再穿过界面.此外,由于Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性的作用,磁力线在气柱界面发生扭曲,且上游界面处磁力线扭曲程度更大,产生强洛伦兹力,使涡量分层明显;下游界面处,纵向磁场产生的洛伦兹力较横向磁场更小,涡层之间相互干扰.最后,本文将动态模态分解用于界面不稳定性研究,发现:磁场作用下界面仍存在小涡,且纵向磁场下扰动更多.第一模态的稳定涡结构能反映主要流场信息,第二到第四模态下的小涡频率依次增加,且无磁场、纵向和横向磁场的同一模态下,小涡频率依次减小.因而磁场能抑制小涡频率,且横向磁场抑制效果更好.     

P.Griffith的“代数曲线”的评介

P.Griffith所著的由北京大学出版社出版的“代数曲线”一书,是根据P.Griffith教授于1982年春,在北京大学讲授“代数曲线”课程的讲稿经整理而成的.此书是一本很有特色的书.对于从事基础数学,应用数学乃至计算数学工作的人都可以从本书中得到益处,而对于有志于从事代数几何、多复变函数与黎曼曲面等方面研究的人,更是一本不可多得的好书.     

关于完备Riemann流形的本性谱

本文证明一类具非负截曲率完备Riemann流形的Laplace算子的本性谱为(0,+∞)。     

翼型绕流的洛伦兹力控制机理

在翼型上翼面壁面附近流场中形成的流向洛伦兹力,可提升翼型的升力减小阻力,然而制约其推广应用的主要瓶颈是极为低下的控制效率,为提高洛伦兹力的控制效率,需研究其控制机理.以翼型绕流的洛伦兹力控制为例,利用双时间步Roe格式及水槽对其进行数值及实验研究.结果表明:洛伦兹力的控制效果随着来流速度的增加而下降,升力增幅和阻力减幅与来流速度大小呈反比关系,但升力增加和阻力减小的规律不变,都是升力先急剧增加随后缓慢增加,而阻力先急剧减小然后再缓慢增加,基本原因为升力和阻力先受洛伦兹力推力的影响而分别增加和减小,随后洛伦兹力作用增加翼面壁面摩擦力,导致升力减小和阻力增加,流向洛伦兹力还导致翼型壁面压力下降,增加翼型升力和压差阻力;壁面摩擦力导致的升力降幅比壁面压力变化导致的升力增幅小,壁面压力变化起主导作用;洛伦兹力推力对阻力的降幅比压差阻力的增幅大,洛伦兹力推力起主导作用,因此阻力减小.     

UNIQUENESS PROBLEM WITH TRUNCATED MULTIPLICITIES OF MEROMORPHIC MAPPINGS FOR MOVING TARGETS

In this article,two uniqueness theorems of meromorphic mappings on moving targets with truncated multiplicities are proved.     

Scheme for implementing quantum secret sharing via cavity QED

An experimentally feasible scheme for implementing quantum secret sharing via cavity quantum electrodynamics （QED） is proposed. The scheme requires the large detuning of the cavity field from the atomic transition, the cavity is only virtually excited, thus the requirement on the quality factor of the cavity is greatly loosened.     

Electro-Magnetic Control of Vortex Shedding Behind a Circular Cylinder

Both open- and closed-loop control algorithms have been developed for suppressing of vortex shedding behind a circular cylinder in an electrically low-conducting fluid. For the open-loop control, the localized Lorentz forces are generated parallel to the cylinder surface, which have the accelerated effect to the fluid. Furthermore, two closed-loop control methods have been derived from the equations of motion capable of determining at all times the intensity of the Lorentz force to control the vortex shedding of a cylinder.