环氧树脂中磷系阻燃剂协效体系的研究进展

近年来,出于环保等方面的考虑,一些卤系阻燃剂被逐渐淘汰,磷系阻燃剂作为卤系阻燃剂的替代品备受关注。然而,高效的磷系阻燃剂通常会在提高阻燃性能的同时产生更多的烟雾,因此需要与协效剂搭配使用。本文介绍了磷系阻燃剂在环氧树脂中的阻燃机理,综述了环氧树脂中磷系阻燃剂的协效体系的研究进展,包括无机协效剂、有机协效剂及有机-无机杂化协效剂等,并对环氧树脂体系中磷系阻燃剂的协效体系的未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

Poly(vinyl alcohol)/GO-MMT nanocomposites: Preparation,structure and properties

A facile, efficient and environment friendly method is established to prepare poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) based graphene oxide-montmorillonite(GO-MMT) nanocomposites in aqueous media. GO-MMT nanohybrid is obtained by the combination of GO and MMT in water without any reducing or stabilizing agents. The formation of GO-MMT nanohybrid is due to the hydrogen bonding and crosslinking effects. The sodium ions within MMT sheets act as crosslinkers between GO sheets and MMT platelets. The resultant nanocomposites are characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) and mechanical testing. Compared to that of pure PVA, PVA nanocomposites show enhanced thermal stabilities and mechanical properties, which results from strong interfacial adhesion of the nanoadditives in PVA matrix. The further increase in the tensile strength and modulus results from strong interaction between PVA chains and layered GO-MMT as well as good mechanical properties of GO-MMT hybrid, compared to PVA/GO and PVA/MMT nanocompsoites.     

异常色谱峰来源排查——色谱仪研发测试过程中的经验分享

<正>高效液相色谱是分析化学领域中最常用的分析工具之一,强大的分离能力使其在化工医药、食品安全、环境监测、生命科学等领域有着非常广泛的应用。但是,相对较弱的定性能力,增加了对仪器研发及测试过程中异常现象的分析难度。大连依利特分析仪器有限公司自2013年开始研发全新一代的iChrom 5100系列高效液相色谱系统,并于2015年开始投放市场。无论是在样机的研发测试还是在实际应用过程中,出现过多次色谱峰异常的现象,即经常出现一些可重复的"怪峰     

凝胶渗透色谱对二次催化溶胶-凝胶法制备硅胶微球过程的监控

采用凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC),通过对二次催化溶胶-凝胶法制备硅胶微球原料硅酸乙酯 40(TES40)、中间产物聚硅酸乙酯(PES)分子量的在线测定,实现了对反应过程的监控.采用Shodex KF-802凝胶色谱柱,以四氢呋喃为流动相,流速0.5 mL/min,柱温40 ℃,采用示差折光检测器检测.校正曲线为1gMw= ...     

PS-b-P2VP/Fe_3O_4纳米复合材料的制备与表征

采用油酸表面改性的粒径均一的Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子(OA-Fe3O4)与具有微相分离结构的聚苯乙烯-b-聚2-乙烯基吡啶(PS-b-P2VP)嵌段共聚物通过溶液共混,得到具有超顺磁性的PS-b-P2VP/Fe3O4纳米复合材料.结果表明,在OA-Fe3O4质量分数为1%,3%,5%和10%时,纳米粒子分散在PS相区;但OA-Fe3O4含量为8%时,纳米粒子在嵌段聚合物基体中的分散状态发生突变,形成大尺寸聚集体并分散在整个基体中,此时复合材料的流变行为发生相应变化.     

Synthesis of Star-like Polybutadienes by a Combination of Living Anionic Polymerization and “Click” Coupling Method

Three-arm and four-arm star-like polybutadienes(PBds) were synthesized via the combination of living anionic polymerization and the click coupling method. Kinetic study showed that the click reaction between the azido group terminated PBd-t-N3 and the alkyne-containing multifunctional linking reagent was fast and highly efficient. All coupling reactions were fully accomplished within 40 min at 50 °C in toluene in the presence of the reducing agent Cu(0), proven by 1H-NMR, FTIR and GPC measurements. For the coupling reactions between the PBd-t-N3 polymer and dialkyne-containing compound, the final conversion of the coupled PBd-PBd polymer was ca. 97.0%. When a PBd-t-N3 polymer was reacted with trialkyne-containing or tetraalkyne-containing compound, the conversion of three-arm or four-arm PBd was around 95.5% or 87.0%, respectively. Several factors influencing the coupling efficiency were studied, including the molecular weight of the initial PBd-t-N3, arm numbers and the molar ratio of the azido group to the alkynyl group. The results indicated that the conversion of the target products would be promoted when the molecular weight of the PBd-t-N3 was low and the molar ratio of the azido to alkynyl groups was close to 1.     

Synthesis and Rheological Investigation ofModel Symmetric 3-Arm Star Polyethylene简

A variety of linear and 3-arm star polyethylene （PE） model polymers covering a wide range of molecular weight are synthesized by the living polymerization of butadiene and the subsequent hydrogenation. Several rheological parameters of these model linear and 3-arm star PE samples are analyzed for detecting the long chain branching （LCB） structure. It is found that the analyses based on zero shear viscosity, vGP plot and flow activation energy are very sensitive to the 3-arm star PEs. The information on the presence of LCB can be obtained with these methods even for low molecular weight samples, which can not be determined by GPC-MALLS. However the information about the LCB structure can not be obtained by the rheological methods alone.     

折叠波导行波管切断匹配的设计

 利用电磁模拟软件,计算得到了H面渐变与E面渐变的楔形衰减器匹配效果,指出在相同渐变长度下,E面渐变匹配效果优于H面渐变。H面渐变衰减器反射主要来源于电场集中处,而E面渐变衰减器主要来源于渐变前部尖端处。在此基础上设计出了一种变形的匹配衰减器,即在E面渐变衰减器渐变开始处向前延伸一块薄片。计算结果与测试结果表明:与H面渐变和E面渐变的楔形衰减器相比,所设计衰减器在近截止频率处的匹配效果得到了明显的改善。     

C18-磺酸基双改性液相色谱固定相的制备与评价

以十八烷基三氯硅烷和3-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷为改性剂,采用一锅法对硅胶表面加以修饰,进一步将巯基氧化制备成C18-磺酸基双改性液相色谱固定相.在优化的反应条件下得到了十八烷基和磺酸基摩尔比为3∶7的固定相,分别采用扫描电镜、元素分析、红外光谱对固定相的形貌和特征加以表征.针对制备的固定相,在不同的分离模式下,系统考察其色谱分离性能.在反相色谱模式下,成功分离了5种烷基苯化合物;在亲水模式下,分离了3种核苷;进一步应用于牛血清白蛋白酶解产物的分离,得到了较好的结果.实验结果表明,制备的混合模式固定相同时具有多种分离机理,在分离复杂样品、调整选择性方面具有潜在的优势.     

超分子溶剂直提测定水中的多环芳烃

超分子溶剂是两亲化合物通过分子间有序的自组装过程形成的具有纳米结构的胶束聚集体,是一种高效提取溶剂。该文以高效液相色谱-荧光检测法为测试手段,系统地对超分子溶剂组成及用量进行了优化,发展了一种直接提取、快速测定水中多环芳烃的方法,并进行了方法学验证及实际样品检测。结果表明,采用四氢呋喃和1-辛醇制备的超分子溶剂对4种多环芳烃的回收率为89.08%~102.47%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为1.38%~3.92%。4种多环芳烃在一定范围内线性关系良好(相关系数R~20.999),检出限为1.26~9.23 ng/L。该方法前处理过程简单,有利于实现快速分析;溶剂使用量少,符合绿色化学的发展趋势,具有一定的推广价值。