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排序方式: 共有190条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
研究由一个供应商和一个零售组成的二级供应链系统在碳税政策下的协调问题.对于市场需求率为时变函数且依赖于当前库存水平和销售价格的情形,建立分散式和集中式供应链决策模型.比较两种模型得出供应商和零售商合作能够提高供应链的整体利润但是也会产生更多的碳排放.分别利用批发价格契约和两部收费契约协调分散式决策模型得出供应链协调的条件.最后通过数值算例验证理论结果并分析碳税单价对供应链在两部收费契约下实现协调的影响. 相似文献
2.
Junqing Zhao Zilin Guo Dexiang Feng Jinjin Guo Junchun Wang Yuzhong Zhang 《Mikrochimica acta》2015,182(15-16):2435-2442
3.
在JP10和煤油点火特性激波管实验的基础上,实验研究了硅烷对这两种典型高碳数碳氢燃
料点火特性的影响. 在预加热到70 C的激波管上,采用缝合运行条件获得了近7ms
的实验时间,将实验延伸至低温区. 采用气相色谱分析和高精度真空仪直接测定压力相结合
的方法,确定了燃料气相浓度,解决了高碳数碳氢燃料点火激波管实验时由于管壁吸附影响
燃料气相浓度确定的困难. 实验记录了点火过程中OH自由基发射强度变化,并作为判断点
火发生的标志. 实验温度范围880~1800K, 压力范
围0.16~0.53\,MPa. 当硅烷加入量约为燃料的10%~15%(摩尔比),
质量比为2%~3%, 观测到明显的点火促进作用. 该研究对超燃研究中发动机设计、
燃料选择等方面具有直接的工程意义,也可用于检验燃烧化学动力学模型的合理性. 相似文献
4.
5.
Gasoline desulfurization by membrane processes is a newly emerged technology, which has provided an efficient new approach for sulfur removal and gained increasing attention of the membrane and petrochemical field. A deep understanding of the solution/diffusion of gasoline molecules on/in the membrane can provide helpful information in improving or optimizing membrane performance. In this study, a desulfurization mechanism of polyethylene glycol (PEG) membranes has been investigated by the study of sorption and diffusion behavior of typical sulfur and hydrocarbon species through PEG membranes. A solution–diffusion model based on UNIFAC and free volume theory has been established. Pervaporation (PV) and sorption experiments were conducted to compare with the model calculation results and to analyze the mass transport behavior. The dynamic sorption curves for pure components and the sorption experiments for binary mixtures showed that thiophene, which had a higher solubility coefficient than n-heptane, was the preferential sorption component, which is key in the separation of thiophene/hydrocarbon mixtures. In all cases, the model calculation results fit well the experimental data. The UNIFAC model was a sound way to predict the solubility of solvents in membranes. The established model can predict the removal of thiophene species from hydrocarbon compounds by PEG membranes effectively. 相似文献
6.
Xincheng Xu Jianxin Li Hesheng Li Ying Cai Yuhe Cao Benqiao He Yuzhong Zhang 《Journal of membrane science》2009
Fouling is the most critical problem associated with membrane separations in liquid media. But it is difficult to control the inevitable membrane fouling because of its invisibility, especially on the inside surface of hollow fiber membranes. This study describes the extension of ultrasonic time-domain reflectometry (UTDR) for the real-time measurement of particle deposition in a single hollow fiber membrane. A transducer with a frequency of 10 MHz and polyethersulfone hollow fiber membranes with 0.8 mm inside diameter (ID) and 1.2 mm outside diameter (OD) were used in this study. The fouling experiments were carried out with 1.8 g/L kaolin suspension at flow rates 16.7 and 10.0 cm/s. The results show that UTDR technique is able to distinguish and recognize the acoustic response signals generated from the interfaces water/upper outside surface of the hollow fiber, lumen upside surface/water, water/lumen underside surface and lower outside surface/water in the single hollow fiber membrane module in pure water phase. The systemic changes of acoustic responses from the inside surfaces of the hollow fiber in the time- and amplitude-domain with operation time during the fouling experiments were detected by UTDR. It is associated with the deposition and formation of the kaolin layer on the inside surfaces. Further, the acoustic measurement indicates that the deposited fouling layer is denser on the lumen underside surface of the hollow fiber than that on the lumen upside surface as a result of weight. Moreover, it is found that the fouling layer grows faster on the inside surface of the hollow fiber at a flow rate of 10.0 cm/s than that at 16.7 cm/s due to the lower shear stress. The fouling layer formed is thicker at a flow rate of 10.0 cm/s than that at 16.7 cm/s. The flux decline data and SEM analysis corroborate the ultrasonic measurement. Overall, this study confirms that UTDR measurement will provide not only a new protocol for the observation of hollow fiber membrane fouling and cleaning, but also a quantitative approach to the optimization of the membrane bioreactor system. 相似文献
7.
8.
Dexiang Feng Xiaocui Lu Xiao Dong Yunyun Ling Yuzhong Zhang 《Mikrochimica acta》2013,180(9-10):767-774
We described a sensitive, label-free electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen. It is based on the use of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with a multi-layer films made from Prussian Blue (PB), graphene and carbon nanotubes by electrodeposition and assembling techniques. Gold nanoparticles were electrostatically absorbed on the surface of the film and used for the immobilization of antibody, while PB acts as signaling molecule. The stepwise assembly process was investigated by differential pulse voltammetry and scanning electron microscopy. It is found that the formation of antibody-antigen complexes partially inhibits the electron transfer of PB and decreased its peak current. Under the optimal conditions, the decrease of intensity of the peak current of PB is linearly related to the concentration of carcinoembryonic antigen in two ranges (0.2–1.0, and 1.0–40.0 ng·mL?1), with a detection limit of 60 pg·mL?1 (S/N?=?3). The immunosensor was applied to analyze five clinical samples, and the results obtained were in agreement with clinical data. In addition, the immunosensor exhibited good precision, acceptable stability and reproducibility. Figure
We described a sensitive electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of the carcinoembryonic antigen. It was based on the use of a glassy carbon electrode modified with a multi-layer films made from Prussian blue, graphene, and carbon nanotubes by electrodeposition and assembling techniques. The immunosensor exhibited good precision and acceptable stability and has been applied to analyze clinical sample with a satisfactory result. 相似文献
9.
一种新的两道工序柔性流水车间排序问题 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文针对F_2(p),h11.1|m_1=1,m_2=μ≥2|C_(max)这一问题给出了几种近似算法,并对每种近似算法进行了最坏情形分析,给出了最坏情形界. 相似文献
10.
This report describes a new method for measuring the temperature of the gas behind the reflected shock wave in shock tube,
corresponding to the reservoir temperature of a shock tunnel, based on the chemical reaction of small amount of CF4 premixed in the test gas. The final product C2F4 is used as the temperature indicator, which is sampled and detected by a gas chromatography in the experiment. The detected
concentration of C2F4 is correlated to the temperature of the reflected shock wave with the initial pressureP
1 and test time τ as parameters in the temperature range 3 300 K<T<5 600 K, pressure range 5 kPa<P
1<12 kPa and τ≅0.4 ms.
The project supported by the China Aerodynamics Project for Basic Researches (J13.5.2 ZK04) 相似文献