均三溴氯磺酚离解与质子化作用的研究

本文报道测钪新试剂均三溴氯磺酚在水溶液中的离解与质子化作用，用电位法和光度法测得了它的逐级离解常数与质子化常数，以及热力学参数，并由分布函数获得试剂主要存在形式和ｐＨ值的关系。     

POLYMERIZATION OF OCTAFLUOROCYCLOBUTANE IN GLOW DISCHARGE Ⅱ. ESCA AND IR CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMER STRUCTURE*

In a capacitively coupled discharge with external electrodes, He, H_2, N_2 or Ar were used as plasmagas, polymerization of octafluorocyclobutane was carried out under different conditions by varyingdischarge power, pressure, plasma gas and plasma-gas/monomer ratio. Structure of polymerizedproducts was characterized by IR spectroscopy and ESCA measurement. It was found that therewere six elements in the products, i.e. C, F, Si, O, N and H. The probably existed groups in poly-mers wer investigated. By analyzing the resolved peaks of C_(1S) region in ESCA spectra, effect of thereaction conditions on degree of branching of the polymerized products and the relationship of thepolymer structure wth the mechanism of the competitive ablation and polymerization process werestudied. In addition, polymer deposition process occurring in glow discharge was discussed.     

论地质灾害防治工程的地质观与工程观

概括前人的经验, 结合作者个人的实践, 本文较详细地讨论了地质灾害防治工程的地质观念与工程观念。提出地质观的核心问题是地质灾害体的变形破坏力学机理分析, 工程观观与工程观运用的最佳耦合。文中还讨论了超前预测的作用, 监测反馈与工程效果检验的关系, 以及地质工程师与设计工程师的关系等, 最后以链子崖危岩体防治工程为例进行了说明。     

Modulation of pyrene fluorescence in DNA probes depends upon the nature of the conformationally restricted nucleotide

The DNA probes (ODNs) containing a 2'-N-(pyren-1-yl)-group on the conformationally locked nucleosides [2'-N-(pyren-1-yl)carbonyl-azetidine thymidine, Aze-pyr (X), and 2'-N-(pyren-1-yl)carbonyl-aza-ENA thymidine, Aza-ENA-pyr (Y)], show that they can bind to complementary RNA more strongly than to the DNA. The Aze-pyr (X) containing ODNs with the complementary DNA and RNA duplexes showed an increase in the fluorescence intensity (measured at lambda em approximately 376 nm) depending upon the nearest neighbor at the 3'-end to X [dA ( approximately 12-20-fold) > dG ( approximately 9-20-fold) > dT ( approximately 2.5-20-fold) > dC ( approximately 6-13-fold)]. They give high fluorescence quantum yields (Phi F = 0.13-0.89) as compared to those of the single-stranded ODNs. The Aza-ENA-pyr (Y)-modified ODNs, on the other hand, showed an enhancement of the fluorescence intensity only with the complementary DNA (1.4-3.9-fold, Phi F = 0.16-0.47); a very small increase in fluorescence is also observed with the complementary RNA (1.1-1.7-fold, Phi F = 0.17-0.22), depending both upon the site of the Y modification introduced as well as on the chemical nature of the nucleobase adjacent to the modification site into the ODN. The fluorescence properties, thermal denaturation experiments, absorption, and circular dichroism (CD) studies with the X- and Y-modified ODNs in the form of matched homo- and heteroduplexes consistently suggested (i) that the orientation of the pyrene moiety is outside the helix of the nucleic acid duplexes containing a dT-d/rA base pair at the 3'-end of the modification site for both X and Y types of modifications, and (ii) that the microenvironment around the pyrene moiety in the ODN/DNA and ODN/RNA duplexes is dictated by the chemical nature of the conformational constraint in the sugar moiety, as well as by the nature of neighboring nucleobases. The pyrene fluorescence emission in both X and Y types of the conformationally restricted nucleotides is found to be sensitive to a mismatched base present in the target RNA: (i) The X-modified ODN showed a decrease ( approximately 37-fold) in the fluorescence intensity (measured at lambda em approximately 376 nm) upon duplex formation with RNA containing a G nucleobase mismatch (dT-rG pair instead of dT-rA) opposite to the modification site. (ii) In contrast, the Y-modified ODN in the heteroduplex resulted in a approximately 3-fold increase in the fluorescence intensity upon dT-rG mismatch, instead of matched dT-rA pair, in the RNA strand. Our data corroborate that the pyrene moiety is intercalated in the X-modified mismatched ODN/RNA (G mismatch) heteroduplex as compared to that of the Y-modified ODN/RNA (G mismatch) heteroduplex, in which it is located outside the helix.     

Histone-catalyzed cleavage of nucleosomal DNA containing 2-deoxyribonolactone

Oxidized abasic sites such as 2-deoxyribonolactone (L) are produced in DNA by a variety of oxidizing agents, including potent cytotoxic antitumor natural products. 2-Deoxyribonolactone is labile under alkaline conditions, but its half-life in free DNA at pH 7.5 is approximately 1 week. Independent generation of L at defined positions within nucleosomes reveals that the histone proteins catalyze strand scission and increase the rate between 11- and ～43-fold. Mechanistic studies indicate that DNA-protein cross-links are not intermediates en route to strand scission and that C2 deprotonation is the rate-determining step. The use of mutant histone H4 proteins demonstrates that the lysine-rich tail that is often post-translationally modified in cells contributes to the cleavage of L but is not the sole source of the enhanced cleavage rates. Consideration of DNA repair in cells suggests that L formation in nucleosomal DNA as part of bistranded lesions by antitumor antibiotics results in de facto double strand breaks, the most deleterious form of DNA damage.     

间羧基氯磺酚的合成及其光度法测定钢中铌

报道了间羧基氯磺酚(SCPmK)的合成及其与铌的显色反应,在1．8-3．0mol·L-1的盐酸介质中,铌与SCPmK形成1∶1的深蓝色配合物,最大吸收波长在640nm处,其摩尔吸光系数为1． 08×10５L·mol-1·cm-1(乙醇溶液),铌含量在0-60μg／50ml符合比耳定律,运用此法可直接测定钢中微量铌。     

磁流体技术及其应用

自1965年美国研制成功磁流体以来,磁流体的研制引起了人们愈来愈多的重视,磁流体的性能已经有了很大的提高,不同领域的应用正在迅速发展。本文叙述了磁流体的几种主要性质和它在工程、生物、医学上的重要应用。     

用XPS表征聚苯乙烯-丙烯酸辐射接枝共聚物

应用ESCA研究辐射接枝共聚物的文章已有报道。然而,有关聚苯乙烯-丙烯酸辐射接枝共聚物的表征工作报导甚少。本文用X-光电子能谱(XPS)研究了聚苯乙烯-丙烯酸辐射接枝共聚物,并通过不同环境碳不同位置的峰面积之比表征接枝率。     

区域地壳稳定性研究的后顾与前瞻

文章回顾了中国区域地壳稳定性研究的历史,划分了其发展阶段,阐述了不同学派的基本观点,分析了该领域面临的新挑战并指出了其未来的发展方向。明确提出,在活动地区选出并评价相对稳定地块(“安全岛”)作为重大工程场址将是未来的主流。