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In this review, we first introduce recent progress in the mathematical structure of the three-dimensional Ising model, from the points of view of topologic, algebraic and geometric aspects. Then we discuss in turn Anderson localization due to disorder and then first- and second-order metal-insulator transitions, depending on electron correlation, with and without a magnetic field. Finally, we make intimate contact with the phase diagram showing the equilibrium between low temperature regimes of the magnetically induced Wigner electron solid and the so-called Laughlin electron liquid in the two-dimensional case. 相似文献
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Riccardo March Giovanni Bellettini Roberto Tauraso Simone Dell’Agnello 《General Relativity and Gravitation》2011,43(11):3099-3126
We compute the corrections to the orbital Lense-Thirring effect (or frame-dragging) in the presence of spacetime torsion.
We analyze the motion of a test body in the gravitational field of a rotating axisymmetric massive body, using the parametrized
framework of Mao, Tegmark, Guth and Cabi. In the cases of autoparallel and extremal trajectories, we derive the specific approximate
expression of the corresponding system of ordinary differential equations, which are then solved with methods of Celestial
Mechanics. We calculate the secular variations of the longitudes of the node and of the pericenter. We also show how the LAser
GEOdynamics Satellites (LAGEOS) can be used to constrain torsion parameters. We report the experimental constraints obtained
using both the nodes and perigee measurements of the orbital Lense-Thirring effect. This makes LAGEOS and Gravity Probe B
complementary frame-dragging and torsion experiments, since they constrain three different combinations of torsion parameters. 相似文献
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Dr. Jérémie Topin Claire A. de March Dr. Landry Charlier Prof. Dr. Catherine Ronin Prof. Dr. Serge Antonczak Dr. Jérôme Golebiowski 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(33):10227-10230
A joint approach combining free‐energy calculations and calcium‐imaging assays on the broadly tuned human 1G1 olfactory receptor is reported. The free energy of binding of ten odorants was computed by means of molecular‐dynamics simulations. This state function allows separating the experimentally determined eight agonists from the two non‐agonists. This study constitutes a proof‐of‐principle for the computational deorphanization of olfactory receptors. 相似文献
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Numerical programs may require a high level of guarantee. This can be achieved by applying formal methods, such as machine-checked
proofs. But these tools handle mathematical theorems while we are interested in C code, in which numerical computations are
performed using floating-point arithmetic, whereas proof tools typically handle exact real arithmetic. To achieve this high
level of confidence on C programs, we use a chain of tools: Frama-C, its Jessie plugin, Why and provers among Coq, Gappa,
Alt-Ergo, CVC3 and Z3. This approach requires the C program to be annotated: each function must be precisely specified, and
we prove the correctness of the program by proving both that it meets its specifications and that no runtime error may occur.
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate, on various examples, the features of this approach. 相似文献