Holographic polymer materials with diffusion development: Principles, arrangement, investigation, and applications

We present a review of information that has been published in the scientific literature on the mechanism of formation (development, enhancement) of holograms at the expense of the photochemical attachment of phenanthrenequinone molecules and other compounds to polymer chains and diffusion mixing of unreacted molecules, on different types of light-sensitive materials that realize this mechanism, on the application of these materials to create volume holographic elements, on recording of information, and for research purposes.     

The Existence of the Thermodynamic Limit for the System of Interacting Quantum Particles in Random Media

The thermodynamic limit of the internal energy and the entropy of the system of quantum interacting particles in random medium is shown to exist under the crucial requirements of stability and temperedness of interactions. The energy turns out to be proportional to the number of particles and/or volume of the system in the thermodynamic limit. The obtained results require very general assumptions on the random one-particle model. The methods are mainly based on subadditive type of inequalities.     

甘肃岷县不同生长年限当归药材的红外光谱分析

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)及其二阶导数谱对不同生长年限当归药材进行分析研究.结果表明,不同生长年限当归药材的红外图谱较为相似,仅从一维谱图上无法反映出不同生长年限当归药材的红外特征谱明显的异同,但通过二阶导数图谱中1771、1747、1712、1559、1514、1466、766、711cm-1和668cm-1处的峰型差异可发现不同生长年限当归药材之间的一些成分存在较明显的差异.由于生长时间不同,导致它们的化学成分存在差异,所以体现了各自的红外特征谱,其中第三年当归药材与第一年和第二年当归药材间差异较大.     

General Formulations of Finite-field Method Classified by Symmetry for Molecular Linear and Nonlinear Polarizabilities

1 INTRODUCTIONWith the invention of lasers[1] and the observation of second-harmonic generation in quartz[2], nonlinear optics(NLO), as a cornerstone of photonics, has been booming since 1960's. And intense interest has been aroused to search materials exhibiting appropriate nonlinear optical properties suitable for the construction of practical optical devices for the important techniques such as frequency converting, signal processing and optical computing[3～6]. In order to determine …     

J/ψ核吸收新截面难以改变吸收机制的局面

将新发表的J/ψ核吸收截面输入强子和弦级联模型JPCIAE,计算了200AGeV/c的P-A,O-U,S-U和Pb-Pb最小偏畸碰撞中J/ψ压低因子并与实验作比较.结果表明:增大的新截面难以改变核吸收机制不易解释Pb-Pb碰撞J/ψ反常压低局面.     

Visualization of type II fiber Bragg gratings induced in a birefringent fiber with an elliptical stress cladding

Experimental results on visualization of type II fiber Bragg gratings induced in a birefringent fiber with an elliptical stress cladding are presented. The gratings are recorded by a single pulse of an excimer KrF-laser by means of the phase-mask method. Images of the gratings are obtained in a bright field using contrasting techniques such as differential interference contrast and dark field. It is shown that single-pulse recording forms several type II Bragg gratings in the optical fiber. The spatial profile of these gratings corresponds to the phase mask period. Microcracks due to which type II gratings are induced are localized both on the boundaries between the fiber core and claddings surrounding it and at some distance from them.     

相对论性核碰撞中Φ介子产生和弦碎裂函数

用强子和弦级联模型LUCIAE系统研究从AGS到SPS,到RHIC,再到LHC能量核–核碰撞中Φ介子产生.采用与能量有关弦碎裂函数,并通过与荷电粒子多重数实验数据的比较确定其中的参数后,LUCIAE模型给出的Φ介子产额与实验数据也都相近,得到的事件平均弦碎裂变量随能量之增趋饱和规律,可能是核穿透性能量行为的定性表示.     

Hydrocarbon specificity in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx over Cu-ZSM-5 and Co-ZSM-5 catalysts

Transformation of surface nitrates under CH₄ (CH₄+O₂) was found to ensure steady-state activity of Co-ZSM-5 in the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides by methane (CH₄-SCR). For Cu-ZSM-5, such species are mainly converted into NO. Relaxation of the coordination sphere due to oxygen and NO adsorption, stability of C,N-containing intermediates and activation routes of hydrocarbons (methane, propane) were analyzed as factors determining catalytic properties of Cu and Co cations.     

The shape of the relaxation curve in diffusion measurements with the aid of photoinduced gratings

It is shown by experimental examples how the postexposure relaxation of a photochemically induced grating used to study the diffusion of a molecular probe by the holographic relaxation method depends on the molecular mechanism of the grating formation, medium inhomogeneity, and relative shift of grating parts, as well as the grating strength. The adequate consideration of the factors influencing the observed behavior of the grating provides for the possibility not only to correctly retrieve information about the diffusion, but also to extend the range of studied phenomena.     

Revêtements modérés et groupe fondamenttal de graphe de groupes

Let R be a discrete complete valuation ring, with algebraically closedresidue field. Let X be a semi-stable R-curve, with smooth generic fibre. In this paper we study tame coverings of X.