全文获取类型
收费全文 | 498篇 |
免费 | 28篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 365篇 |
晶体学 | 1篇 |
力学 | 13篇 |
数学 | 26篇 |
物理学 | 121篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 9篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 12篇 |
2020年 | 16篇 |
2019年 | 31篇 |
2018年 | 8篇 |
2017年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 17篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 22篇 |
2013年 | 28篇 |
2012年 | 61篇 |
2011年 | 44篇 |
2010年 | 28篇 |
2009年 | 16篇 |
2008年 | 28篇 |
2007年 | 32篇 |
2006年 | 29篇 |
2005年 | 29篇 |
2004年 | 17篇 |
2003年 | 9篇 |
2002年 | 5篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
2000年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有526条查询结果,搜索用时 21 毫秒
1.
Subhashis Ghosal Tapas Samanta 《Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics》1997,49(1):181-197
We study the asymptotic behaviour of the posterior distributions for a one-parameter family of discontinuous densities. It is shown that a suitably centered and normalized posterior converges almost surely to an exponential limit in the total variation norm. Further, asymptotic expansions for the density, distribution function, moments and quantiles of the posterior are also obtained. It is to be noted that, in view of the results of Ghosh et al. (1994, Statistical Decision Theory and Related Topics V, 183-199, Springer, New York) and Ghosal et al. (1995, Ann. Statist., 23, 2145-2152), the nonregular cases considered here are essentially the only ones for which the posterior distributions converge. The results obtained here are also supported by a simulation experiment. 相似文献
2.
Arabinda Mallick 《Journal of luminescence》2006,118(2):165-172
Solvatochromic effects on the fluorescence behavior of 7-hydroxy-4-methyl-8-(4′-methyl-piperazine-1′ yl)methylcoumarin (HMMC) was studied in different solvents. The fluorescence of HMMC was found to be highly sensitive to both the polarity and the protic character of the solvent. Exploiting the polarity-sensitive fluorescence property of HMMC, its excited-state dipole moment has been determined. Fluorescence (Förster) resonance energy transfer (FRET) process from HMMC to a potent bioactive molecule 3-acetyl-4-oxo-6,7-dihydro-12 H indolo-[2,3-a] quinolizine (AODIQ) was studied. From the determined KSV and R0 values, it is argued that a long-range dipole-dipole interaction is operating for the energy transfer mechanism. The energy transfer efficiency (E) and the distance between the acceptor and the donor (r0) have been determined. 相似文献
3.
Two conformational isomers of 3-fluorobenzoic acid dimer (3-FBA(2)) have been identified in a supersonic jet expansion by use of laser-induced fluorescence excitation (FE), UV-UV hole-burning, and dispersed fluorescence (DF) spectroscopic methods. In the FE spectrum, the S(1) origins of the two isomeric species appear at a frequency gap of only 24 cm(-1), and the vibronic intensities of the redshifted dimer (dimer I) are about two times weaker than those of dimer II. However, ab initio quantum chemistry calculations at the MP2/6-31G(**) level of theory predict that all the isomeric species of 3-FBA(2) have almost the same binding energy (approximately 17 kcal/mol) in the ground state. Furthermore, unlike benzoic acid dimer, the present system shows intense activity for a low-frequency mode in both the FE and DF spectra. With the aid of DFT (B3LYP/6-311G(**)) predicted normal mode frequencies, we have assigned the mode to the in-plane gear (cogwheel) vibration of the cyclic hydrogen-bonded frame of the dimer. The Franck-Condon profiles for vibronic excitation of the mode indicate that the distortion of the cyclic hydrogen bond frame as a result of S(1)<--S(0) excitation is larger for dimer I than dimer II. Moreover, the fluorescence lifetime at the S(1) zero-point level of the former is also significantly smaller than the latter. Using the predictions of configuration interaction singles calculations, we have proposed that the spectral and dynamical differences between the two isomeric species observed in this study are manifestations of the different characteristics of their S(1) surfaces. By measuring FE, DF, and hole-burning spectra of a mixed dimer between 3-fluobenzoic acid and benzoic acid we have shown that the isomeric features in the homodimer spectra are due to two locally excited rotamers of the 3-fluorobenzoic acid moiety. 相似文献
4.
Michael A. Luzuriaga Candace E. Benjamin Michael W. Gaertner Hamilton Lee Fabian C. Herbert Snipta Mallick 《Supramolecular chemistry》2019,31(8):485-490
ABSTRACTDrug delivery using metal-organic frameworks (MOF) has elicited interest in their biocompatibility; however, few studies have been conducted on their stability in common buffers, cell media, and blood proteins. In particular, the use of ZIF-8, a MOF interconnected by Zn and methylimidazole, has been frequently employed. In this study, we tested single crystals of ZIF-8 with common laboratory buffers, cell media, and serum, and noted several issues. Buffers containing phosphate and bicarbonate alter the appearance and composition of ZIF-8; however, these buffers do not appear to cause cargo to leak out even when the ZIF-8 itself is displaced by phosphates. On the other hand, serum dissolves ZIF-8, causing premature cargo release. Our results show that ZIF-8 undergoes surface chemistry changes that may affect the interpretation of cellular uptake and cargo release data. On the other hand, it provides a rational explanation as to how ZIF-8 neatly dissolves in vivo. 相似文献
5.
Biswas P Panja SS Manogaran S Chakraborty T 《The journal of physical chemistry. A》2005,109(14):3225-3234
Laser-induced fluorescence excitation and resolved fluorescence spectra following excitations of the single vibronic levels (SVL) of p-vinyltoluene (p-VT) and p-vinylfluorobenzene (p-VFB) have been measured in a seeded supersonic free-jet expansion. A complete vibronic assignment of the fluorescence spectrum measured following excitation of the 0(0)0-band of p-VT has been presented. Normal vibrational modes in the S0 and S1 states of the molecule have been calculated by CASSCF method, and the correlation between the two set of modes is made by expressing the excited-state normal modes in terms of those of the ground state. The calculations predict that in the excited state methyl and vinyl torsional motions of p-VT are extensively mixed with many of the out-of-plane modes of the aromatic ring. Our resolved fluorescence spectral data measured following SVL excitations essentially agree with such predictions. In the excited state, the molecule exhibits a dramatically low threshold for the rotor-induced IVR in a supersonic jet expansion. Several mechanisms have been discussed to explain the phenomenon. 相似文献
6.
Localized molecular orbitals, two- and three-center bond indices of 1,5-dicarba-closo-pentaborane ( 5 ) and 1,5-dicarba-closo-pentaborane ( 3 ) and their hydrocarbon analogs bicyclo [1,1,1]-pentane and [1,1,1] propellane, respectively, have been calculated using a suitable basis set. No previously reported three-center CBC bond has been found. However, a new three-center BCB bond has been observed in 1,5-dicarba-closo-pentaborane ( 5 ). © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
7.
Sequential cross-metathesis/phosphorus-based olefination: stereoselective synthesis of 2,4-dienoates
Tapas Paul 《Tetrahedron letters》2007,48(31):5367-5370
A variety of stereodefined 2,4-dienoates have been prepared in a stereoselective manner by sequencing olefin cross-metathesis (CM) with phosphorus-based olefination reactions (Wittig and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons) in good yield using commercially available reagents. 相似文献
8.
Steen Br?ndsted Nielsen Tapas Chakraborty S?ren Vr?nning Hoffmann 《Chemphyschem》2005,6(12):2619-2624
Synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD) spectra of ribose and deoxyribose sugars, adenosine, AMP and dAMP nucleotides and cyclic derivatives were measured in the vacuum ultraviolet region (down to 168 nm for sugars and 175 nm for adenine derivatives) and at different pH values (3, 6-7, 9-10) and temperatures (between 5 and 45 degrees C). The information content in the VUV region is important since the CD bands strongly depend on the chemical structure of the sugar, the presence and orientation of a phosphate group and the protonation state of adenine. On the other hand, single or double deprotonation of the phosphoric acid group has no influence on the spectra. We assign the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) CD bands of the nucleoside and nucleotides to be due mainly to n-->pi* transitions in the adenine nucleobase based on a comparison with the absorption spectra. The CD bands of the sugars are due to n(O -->sigma*) transitions and are much smaller than the CD signal from the nucleotides in the VUV region. Bands are assigned to both pyranose and open-chain forms. 相似文献
9.
Anuradha Rout Swoyam P. Rout Nigamananda Mallick Baishnab C. Singh M. Santappa 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1978,16(2):391-397
The polymerization of acrylonitrile (M) initiated by the Ce(IV)–acetophenone (AP) redox pair has been studied in acetic–sulfuric acid mixtures in a nitrogen atmosphere. The rate of polymerization is proportional to [M]3/2, [AP]1/2 and [Ce(IV)]1/2. The rate of disappearance of ceric ion,–RCe, is proportional to [AP], [M], and [Ce(IV)]. The effect of certain salts, solvent, acid and temperature on both the rates have been investigated. A suitable kinetic scheme has been proposed, and the composite rate constants kp 2(k/k/t) and k0/ki are reported. 相似文献
10.
[VIVO(acac)2] reacts with the methanolic solutions of tridentate dibasic ONO donor hydrazone ligands derived from the condensation of
benzoyl hydrazine with either 2-hydroxyacetophenone (H2L1) or its para-substituted derivatives (H2L2–4) (general abbreviation H2L), in the presence of vanillin (Hvan) in equimolar ratio under aerobic conditions generating the mixed-ligand oxovanadium(V)
complexes of the type [VVO(L)(van)], (1)–(4) in good yield. All the complexes are diamagnetic and exhibit only ligand-to-metal charge transfer (l.m.c.t.) band near 510 nm
in addition to intra-ligand (π → π*) transition band near 330 nm in CH2Cl2 solution. 1H-n.m.r. spectra of the complexes in CDCl3 solution indicate the presence of two isomeric forms [(1A), (1B); (2A), (2B); (3A), (3B) and (4A), (4B)] in different ratios, which is explained by the interchange of the two binding sites of van− motif between its coordinated equatorial and axial positions. Complexes display two quasi-reversible one electron reduction
peaks near +0.10 V and near +0.30 V versus s.c.e. in CH2Cl2 solution which are attributed to the successive reduction of VV→ VIV and the VIV→ VIII motifs, respectively. λmax (for l.m.c.t. transition), and the two reduction potential values (E
1/2)I (average of the first step anodic and first step cathodic peak potentials) and (E
1/2)II (average of the second step anodic and second step cathodic peak potentials) of the complexes, are found to be linearly related
to the Hammett constants (σ) of the substituents in the aryloxy ring of the hydrazone ligands. λmax, (E
1/2)I and (E
1/2)II values show large dependence: dλmax/dσ = 37.29 nm, d(E
1/2)I/dσ = 0.21 V and d(E
1/2)II/dσ = 0.21 V, respectively, on σ. 相似文献