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Magnetic CuFe2O4/g‐C3N4 hybrids were synthesized through a facile method and their catalytic performances were evaluated in click chemistry for the first time. The structural and morphological characterization of prepared materials was carried out by different techniques such as X‐ray diffraction, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, thermogravimetric analysis, and N2 adsorption–desorption analysis (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area). The utilization of magnetic CuFe2O4/g‐C3N4 enabled superior performance in the one‐pot azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction in water using alkyl halides and epoxides as azide precursors without the need of any additional agents. The present system is broad in scope and especially practical for the synthesis of macrocyclic triazoles and also tetrazoles. In addition, the catalytic system highly fulfills the demands of “green click chemistry” with its convenient conditions, especially easy access to a variety of significant products in low catalyst loading and simple work‐up and isolation procedure. 相似文献
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Generating and analyzing spatial social networks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Meysam Alizadeh Claudio Cioffi-Revilla Andrew Crooks 《Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory》2017,23(3):362-390
In this paper, we propose a class of models for generating spatial versions of three classic networks: Erdös-Rényi (ER), Watts-Strogatz (WS), and Barabási-Albert (BA). We assume that nodes have geographical coordinates, are uniformly distributed over an m × m Cartesian space, and long-distance connections are penalized. Our computational results show higher clustering coefficient, assortativity, and transitivity in all three spatial networks, and imperfect power law degree distribution in the BA network. Furthermore, we analyze a special case with geographically clustered coordinates, resembling real human communities, in which points are clustered over k centers. Comparison between the uniformly and geographically clustered versions of the proposed spatial networks show an increase in values of the clustering coefficient, assortativity, and transitivity, and a lognormal degree distribution for spatially clustered ER, taller degree distribution and higher average path length for spatially clustered WS, and higher clustering coefficient and transitivity for the spatially clustered BA networks. 相似文献
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Behnam Vahdani S. Meysam Mousavi R. Tavakkoli-Moghaddam H. Hashemi 《Applied Mathematical Modelling》2013
The purpose of this paper is to design a new extension of the ELECTRE, known as the elimination and choice translating reality method, for multi-criteria group decision-making problems based on intuitionistic fuzzy sets. This method is widely utilized when a set of alternatives should be identified and evaluated with respect to a set of conflicting criteria by reflecting decision makers’ (DMs’) preferences. However, handling the exact data and numerical measure is difficult to be precisely focused because the DMs’ judgments are often vague in real-life decision problems and applications. A more realistic and practical approach can be to use linguistic variables expressed in intuitionistic fuzzy numbers instead of numerical data to model DMs’ judgments and to describe the inputs in the ELECTRE method. The proposed intuitionsitic fuzzy ELECTRE utilizes the truth-membership function and non-truth-membership function to indicate the degrees of satisfiability and non-satisfiability of each alternative with respect to each criterion and the relative importance of each criterion, respectively. Then, a new discordance intuitionistic index is introduced, which is extended from the concept of the fuzzy distance measure. Outranking relations are defined by pairwise comparisons and a decision graph is depicted to determine which alternative is preferable, incomparable or indifferent in the intuitionistic fuzzy environment. Finally, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis is employed to further study regarding the impact of threshold values on the final evaluation, and a comparative analysis is demonstrated with an application example in flexible manufacturing systems between the proposed ELECTRE method and the existing intuitionistic fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (IF-TOPSIS) method. 相似文献
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In this paper, we study generalized Douglas–Weyl(α, β)-metrics. Suppose that a regular(α, β)-metric F is not of Randers type. We prove that F is a generalized Douglas–Weyl metric with vanishing S-curvature if and only if it is a Berwald metric. Moreover, by ignoring the regularity, if F is not a Berwald metric, then we find a family of almost regular Finsler metrics which is not Douglas nor Weyl. As its application, we show that generalized Douglas–Weyl square metric or Matsumoto metric with isotropic mean Berwald curvature are Berwald metrics. 相似文献
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In this paper, we provide a new measure for evaluation of risk in financial markets. This measure is based on the return interval of critical events in financial markets or other investment situations. Our main goal was to devise a model like Value at Risk (VaR). As VaR, for a given financial asset, probability level and time horizon, gives a critical value such that the likelihood of loss on the asset over the time horizon exceeds this value is equal to the given probability level, our concept of Time at Risk (TaR), using a probability distribution function of return intervals, provides a critical time such that the probability that the return interval of a critical event exceeds this time equals the given probability level. As an empirical application, we applied our model to data from the Tehran Stock Exchange Price Index (TEPIX) as a financial asset (market portfolio) and reported the results. 相似文献
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Mohammad Edrissi Meysam Soleymani Mahnaz Naderi 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2012,64(2):485-492
Nanocrystalline manganese aluminate (MnAl2O4) has been synthesized by Pechini and sequential homogenous precipitation methods and the results have been compared. The Taguchi L4 statistical design was utilized to optimize the production of MnAl2O4 nanoparticles by Pechini method. The MnAl2O4 nanocrystallites obtained by Pechini and sequential homogenous precipitation methods had the average particle size of 26.5 and 49.5 nm, respectively. The products were characterized with X-ray diffraction, laser light scattering, thermogravimetry analysis, Fourier transform infrared, UV–visible, energy dispersive X-ray, scanning electron microscope and inductively coupled plasma analyses. The photocatalytic activities of MnAl2O4 nanoparticles synthesized by two methods were investigated using aqueous solution of methylene blue under irradiation of visible light. 相似文献
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In this paper, we consider locally dually flat (??, ??)-metrics with isotropic S-curvature and find some necessary and sufficient conditions under which these metrics reduce to locally Minkowskian metrics. 相似文献
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An environmentally benign, one-pot, four-component synthesis of chemically and pharmaceutically interesting dithiocarbamate derivatives is reported. The one-pot reaction of various aromatic aldehydes, ketones, aliphatic amines, and carbon disulfide, in the presence of potassium hydroxide in urea-choline chloride deep eutectic solvent or ethanol, leads to the corresponding dithiocarbamates in good to excellent yields. This method provides a convenient and time-saving strategy, with a simple work-up procedure. 相似文献