Synthesis,characterization, and antimicrobial activities of palladium Schiff base complexes derived from aminosalicylic acids

Six Schiff base compounds have been prepared from the condensation of o-vanillin, 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzaldehyde with 4-aminosalicylic acid and 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). Addition of these Schiff bases to [Pd(OAc)₂] afforded the corresponding bis(salicylaldiminato)palladium(II) complexes in moderate to excellent yields. All new palladium complexes have been characterized fully using standard spectroscopic methods, elemental analyses and a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study in the case of 2e, the palladium complex containing Schiff base ligands derived from 5-ASA and 2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde. All derivatives of 5-ASA were examined for potential antimicrobial activities against two species of fungi, Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as well as two species of bacteria, Bacillus cereus (Gram-positive) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative).     

Dependence of the exciton-polariton photoluminescence lineshape in GaAs on epitaxial layer thickness

The lineshape of the exciton-polariton photoluminescence spectra in thin undoped GaAs layers is observed to be a function of the layer thickness. A doublet peak (or alternatively a single peak with a “reabsorption” dip at the maximum) in thick samples is transformed into a “single” peak as the layer thickness is reduced by etching. This behavior is in agreement with a model based on enhanced scattering near the exciton energy. This scattering is a function of the concentration of scattering centers which is fixed in these samples and of the average scattering length; (i.e., the sample thickness).     

Rasche Bestimmung der kinetischen Parameter des thermischen Abbaues von Hochpolymeren unter Verwendung eines Systems aus einem thermogravimetrischen Analysenger?t, einem Massenspektrometer und einem Computer

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Model based clustering for mixed data: clustMD

A model based clustering procedure for data of mixed type, clustMD, is developed using a latent variable model. It is proposed that a latent variable, following a mixture of Gaussian distributions, generates the observed data of mixed type. The observed data may be any combination of continuous, binary, ordinal or nominal variables. clustMD employs a parsimonious covariance structure for the latent variables, leading to a suite of six clustering models that vary in complexity and provide an elegant and unified approach to clustering mixed data. An expectation maximisation (EM) algorithm is used to estimate clustMD; in the presence of nominal data a Monte Carlo EM algorithm is required. The clustMD model is illustrated by clustering simulated mixed type data and prostate cancer patients, on whom mixed data have been recorded.     

Flavanoid epoxides—XIII : Acid and base catalysed reactions of 2′-tosyloxychalcone epoxides. Mechanism of the algar-flynn-oyamada reaction

2′-Tosyloxychalcone epoxide (6a) on reaction with alkali gave flavonol (4a) while similar treatment of 6′-methoxy-2′-tosyloxychalcone epoxide (6b), both at room temperature and at the boiling point of the reaction medium, afforded 5-methoxyaurone (5b). The latter result indicates that an epoxide is not an intermediate in the production of flavanols from 2′-hydroxy-6′-methoxychalcone epoxides on treatment with alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AFO Reaction) at the higher temperature. Epoxide 6a on treatment with boron trifluoride etherate gave a mixture of flavanonol and flavonol while epoxide 6b gave formyldesoxybenzoin (9) under similar conditions.     

The utility of cash flow forecasts in the management of corporate cash balances

This paper considers the stochastic cash balance problem. A dynamic simple policy (DSP) is proposed to minimise transaction costs, under a general cost structure, when the cash flows are not independently or identically distributed. The validity of the approach is demonstrated using the scenario of double exponentially distributed cash flows considered by Penttinen. A data set from a large multinational is used to demonstrate the practical application of the DSP. To provide conditional expectations of future cash flows, a time series model is developed to provide forecasts.     

An Oxygen‐Tolerant PET‐RAFT Polymerization for Screening Structure–Activity Relationships

The complexity of polymer–protein interactions makes rational design of the best polymer architecture for any given biointerface extremely challenging, and the high throughput synthesis and screening of polymers has emerged as an attractive alternative. A porphyrin‐catalysed photoinduced electron/energy transfer–reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer (PET‐RAFT) polymerisation was adapted to enable high throughput synthesis of complex polymer architectures in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on low‐volume well plates in the presence of air. The polymerisation system shows remarkable oxygen tolerance, and excellent control of functional 3‐ and 4‐arm star polymers. We then apply this method to investigate the effect of polymer structure on protein binding, in this case to the lectin concanavalin A (ConA). Such an approach could be applied to screen the structure–activity relationships for any number of polymer–protein interactions.