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排序方式: 共有154条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Pierre Bonami Leo Liberti Andrew J. Miller Annick Sartenaer 《Mathematical Programming》2012,136(2):229-231
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In this paper, a simple probabilistic model of coalition formation provides a unified interpretation for several extensions
of the Shapley value. Weighted Shapley values, semivalues, weak (weighted or not) semivalues, and the Shapley value itself
appear as variations of this model. Moreover, some notions that have been introduced in the search of alternatives to Shapley’s
seminal characterization, as ‘balanced contributions’ and the ‘potential’ are reinterpreted from this point of view. Natural
relationships of these conditions with some mentioned families of ‘values’ are shown. These reinterpretations strongly suggest
that these conditions are more naturally interpreted in terms of coalition formation than in terms of the classical notion
of ‘value.’
相似文献
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Yves Van Ingelgem Els Tourwé Orlin Blajiev Rik Pintelon Annick Hubin 《Electroanalysis》2009,21(6):730-739
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful technique to study electrochemical processes and to perform screening tasks. Recently an integrated measuring and modeling methodology for EIS based on a multisine excitation signal was developed. A key issue in this methodology is the data analysis, allowing us to rapidly quantify the reliability of the measured data. In this paper, a comparison is made between classical single‐sine and the proposed multisine measurements on the same system. The fitting of the impedance data obtained by single‐or multisine excitation and using different weighting factors is also discussed. In addition to the advantages reported in earlier work, it is concluded that, of all investigated frequencies, the odd random phase multisine excitation yields the highest quality data in the shortest measurement time. 相似文献
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Annick Laruelle 《European Journal of Operational Research》2021,288(2):598-604
In participatory budgeting, citizens are invited to vote on different projects. This paper sets out to study the voting stage of participatory budgeting from theoretical and practical perspectives. At theoretical level, the potential objectives of voting procedures are examined. From the practical point of view it should be easy to select projects, even when the number of projects is large. This paper proposes three algorithms which are theoretically justified and can be easily applied. Participatory budgeting in the town of Portugalete (Spain) provides a test for them. The results obtained with 2018 voting data suggest that the algorithm that includes the costs of the projects at the selection stage performs better than the others. KEYWORDS: decision processes; participatory budgeting; collective decision-making; cost-benefit analysis. 相似文献
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Poiroux G Pitié M Culerrier R Ségui B Van Damme EJ Peumans WJ Bernadou J Levade T Rougé P Barre A Benoist H 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2011,87(2):370-377
Porphyrins are used as photosensitizer (PS) in photodynamic therapy in cancer treatment. Nevertheless, the development of photochemotherapy in oncology remains limited, because of the low selectivity of PSs. In order to allow PS targeting toward tumor-associated antigens, for the first time a white-light activatable porphyrin, [5-(4-(5-carboxy-1-butoxy)-phenyl)-10,15,20-tris(4-N-methyl)-pyridiniumyl)-porphyrin] (TrMPyP) was covalently linked to Morniga G (MorG), a galactose-specific binding plant lectin, known to recognize with high-affinity tumor-associated T/Tn antigen in cell-free systems. Firstly, using fluorescein-labeled MorG, the sugar-dependent binding and uptake of lectin by Tn-positive (Jurkat lymphoid leukemia) cells was demonstrated. Secondly, the TrMPyP-MorG conjugate was molecularly characterized. Cytometric and confocal microscopic analysis demonstrated that PS covalent linking to MorG preserved sugar-dependent specific binding and uptake of lectin by Jurkat leukemia lymphocytes. Thirdly, the conjugate (with a 1:1 PS:lectin ratio) that was bound and quickly (5 min) taken-up, induced greater than 90% cytotoxicity upon irradiation at 10 nm concentration, whereas the free PS was absolutely nontoxic. On the contrary, normal lymphocytes strongly resisted to the conjugate-mediated phototoxicity. Thus, owing to their binding and endocytosis capacities, plant lectins represent promising molecules for targeting of tumor glycan alteration and to enhance the efficiency of specific delivery of PSs to tumor cells. 相似文献
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Ravelet C Boulkedid R Ravel A Grosset C Villet A Fize J Peyrin E 《Journal of chromatography. A》2005,1076(1-2):62-70
In this paper, we report for the first time an aptamer-based chiral stationary phase (CSP) able to resolve racemates of both target and various related compounds. The enantiomers of tyrosine and analogues (11 enantiomeric pairs) were separated using an immobilized tyrosine-specific L-RNA aptamer as CSP and an aqueous buffer (8 mM Tris-HCl buffer, 25 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgCl2; pH 7.4) as mobile phase, at a column temperature of 10 degrees C. It appeared that the carboxylic and amino groups as well as the aromatic side chain of amino acid controlled the stereospecific recognition. Modifications on the polar groups were strongly detrimental for enantioselectivity while the replacement of the phenolic group by some bicyclic aromatic residues of different polarity, size or shape did not impair the enantioselective interaction. In addition, the effects of the mobile phase composition and column temperature upon the retention and stereoselective properties of the CSP were assessed. Finally, it was found that the immobilized RNA aptamer could be used under hydro-organic mobile phase conditions without alteration of the stationary phase stability. 相似文献
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Jourdain V Paillet M Almairac R Loiseau A Bernier P 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2005,109(4):1380-1386
Sequential catalytic growth provides an efficient tool for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes periodically inserted with catalyst nanoparticles. Several synthesis parameters were found crucial in order to induce this particular growth mechanism. The presence of phosphorus is required to form metal phosphide particles active for the formation of carbon nanotubes with a matchstick morphology. The metal composition (Ni/Fe ratio) and the carbon supply have no influence on the nanofilament type but strongly affect the nanotube yield. The synthesis temperature induces important changes on both the nanofilament type and yield, which are correlated with important transformations of the catalyst layer in terms of composition, particle size, and physical state. 相似文献