超声-索氏萃取-重量法测定土壤中总石油烃含量

采用正交实验设计,分别对超声萃取法(UE)和超声-索氏萃取法(USE)测定土壤中总石油烃(TPH)的影响因素进行分析,获得优化条件。采用以上两种方法及传统的索氏萃取法(SE)对新鲜石油污染土、微生物修复土和老化植物修复土进行提取。结果表明:超声萃取法的优化条件为选用15mL三氯甲烷,萃取4次;超声-索氏萃取法的优化条件为60W超声萃取10min,萃取剂用量125mL,萃取6h;超声-索氏萃取法平均回收率最高,为102.98%,且数据稳定可靠;其次是超声萃取法,为99.69%;而传统的索氏萃取法最低,为97.31%。研究证明超声-索氏分析法在缩短测定时间的同时提高了回收率,可作为不同土壤中总石油烃(TPH)含量测定的新方法。     

Broadband Brillouin slow light with multiple-longitudinal-mode,tunable pump

We propose and demonstrate broadband Brillouin slow light using a multiple-longitudinal-mode tunable fiber laser as Brillouin pump. A tunable broadband Brillouin pump with a tuning range from 1 520 to 1 555 nm is generated using a fiber ring laser with a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) as its gain medium. The pump spectrum consists of a large number of longitudinal modes separated by 6 MHz. The 3-dB bandwidth is about 11.5 GHz, and its fluctuation is less than 100 MHz within the tuning range. An 8-Gb/s data signal can be delayed by up to 83.0 ps (bit error rate < 10 9) at 17-dBm pump power.     

基于发射光谱的大气压脉冲调制氩表面波等离子体的特性

以微波表面波形式激励的大气压放电等离子体能够在远离发生器的区域产生高密度等离子体且无需波导约束电磁波传输,从而提高了实际应用中微波耦合等离子体的处理效率和可操作性。本文介绍了表面波等离子体源的装置结构及其放电机制。基于等离子体发射光谱,利用Hα谱线的斯塔克展宽法和谱线-连续谱比值法分别诊断了等离子体中电子密度和温度,研究了脉冲调制等离子体在放电过程中电子密度和温度随瞬时功率、调制频率和轴向位置的变化规律,以及氩原子谱线强度的时间演化,并讨论了对电子密度和温度的影响机制以及等离子体余辉过程中激发态氩原子的产生机制。结果表明,等离子体电子密度可达～1015 cm-3且与局域微波耦合能量密度呈正相关,而电子温度受外部条件的影响相对较小,激发态氩原子主要由类似沙哈平衡过程控制。     

Spatial characteristics of nanosecond pulsed micro-discharges in atmospheric pressure He/H2O mixture by optical emission spectroscopy

Atmospheric pressure micro-discharges in helium gas with a mixture of 0.5%water vapor between two pin electrodes are generated with nanosecond overvoltage pulses.The temporal and spatial characteristics of the discharges are investigated by means of time-resolved imaging and optical emission spectroscopy with respect to the discharge morphology,gas temperature,electron density,and excited species.The evolution of micro-discharges is captured by intensified CCD camera and electrical properties.The gas temperature is diagnosed by a two-temperature fit to the ro-vibrational OH(A²Σ⁺–X^П(2),0–0)emission band and is found to remain low at 425 K during the discharge pulses.The profile of electron density performed by the Stark broadening of Ha 656.1-nm and He I 667.8-nm lines is uniform across the discharge gap at the initial of discharge and reaches as high as 10²³m^-3.The excited species of He,OH,and H show different spatio-temporal behaviors from each other by the measurement of their emission intensities,which are discussed qualitatively in regard of their plasma kinetics.