纳米钛酸钡基介电材料的水热合成、结构与性能

采用低温-低压水热法, 在170℃, 0.8 MPa以下合成了一系列Ba_1-xSr_xTi_1-yZr_yO₃ (0≤x≤0.5, 0≤y≤0.3)和Ba_1-xZn_xTi_1-ySn_yO₃(0≤x≤0.3, 0≤y≤0.3)固溶体纳米粉末. 经XRD物相分析和d-间距-组成图证明, 产物为立方钙钛矿结构的完全互溶取代固溶体, 结果符合Vegard 定律. TEM形貌观察, 粒子为均匀球形, 平均粒径70 nm. 通过制陶实验, 分别测定了两个系列固溶体纳米粉末的室温介电常数、介电损失以及介电常数随温度的变化, 结果发现, 用软化学方法在BaTiO₃中掺入适量锶、锌和锆、锡, 由于掺杂离子均匀进入母体晶格, 引起T_C降低, 室温介电常数达18000, 比BaTiO₃纯相提高12倍, 而介电损失却降低至1/6.     

铂掺杂氮化硼纳米管及CO在其表面的吸附行为的理论研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的PBEPBE方法对铂(Pt)掺杂的氮化硼(BN)纳米管进行了理论研究. 计算结果表明, Pt原子突出BN纳米管表面, Pt的d轨道暴露到外面, 使它更容易和外来分子发生相互作用, 提高了纳米管的反应活性. Pt取代掺杂缩小了纳米管的能隙, 从而提高BN纳米管的导电性. 一氧化碳(CO)在Pt掺杂BN纳米管上的吸附行为表明, 2个CO能化学吸附到纳米管表面, 更多的CO分子吸附是物理吸附.     

Hydrothermal synthesis, structure and property of nano-BaTiO_3based dielectric materials

A series of Ba1-xSrxTi1-yZryO3 (0≤x≤0.5, 0≤y≤0.4) and Ba1-xZnxTi1-ySnyO3 (0≤x≤0.3, 0≤y≤0.3) solid solutions were synthesized by low-temperature/low-pressure hydrothermal method below 170℃, 0.8 MPa. XRD pattern and cell parameters-composition figures of these prepared powders demonstrated that they are completely miscible solid solutions based on BaTiO3. Furthermore, TEM showed that they have a shape of uniform, substantially spherical particles with an average particle size of 70 nm in diameter. The sintered ceramics of those powders doped by Sr2+ and Zr4+ or Zn2+ and Sn4+ have dielectric constant twelve times higher than and dielectric loss 1/6 those of pure BaTiO3 phase at room temperature.