拟南芥胚的不同区域对MeV离子辐照的响应

利用不同能量的质子在大气环境中辐照拟南芥的含水种子，能量从1.1MeV到6.5MeV.根据模拟计算结果，相应能量的离子对种子的损伤区域分别为胚的浅层、胚的一半和整个胚.本实验中，具有较高能量的质子可以完全均匀地作用于拟南芥生长、发育及遗传密切相关的胚茎端分生组织，而能量较低的质子则不能直接作用于茎端分生组织.实验所用质子注量范围为4×10⁹ions/cm²—1×10¹⁴ions/cm².实验结果显示，虽然拟南芥种子的发芽率和幼苗存活率随离子注量增加都呈现下降的趋势，但对应于不同的胚损伤区域，即在不同的入射质子能量条件下，注量曲线具有各自的特征.实验结果显示，拟南芥种子中除了胚茎端分生组织作为对离子辐照敏感的辐射主靶外，茎端分生组织之外的胚区域可能作为离子辐射次靶，影响到最终的辐射生物学效应. 关键词： 离子辐照 拟南芥 胚区域 生物效应     

北京大学ERL装置交汇段的研究与设计

 在交汇段设计理论的基础上，针对北京大学ERL的具体情况，对交汇段的束流传输结构进行了优化设计，通过模拟得到了满足要求的一组设计参数；研究了空间电荷效应以及相干同步辐射对束流发射度、能散及包络的影响。结果表明：空间电荷效应对发射度影响不大，但对束流包络影响较明显；相干同步辐射引起的发射度增长及能散较小，且不影响束流包络。     

Molecular dynamics simulation of latent track formation in α-quartz

The latent ion track in α-quartz is studied by molecular dynamics simulations. The latent track is created by depositing electron energies into a cylindrical region with a radius of 3nm. In this study, the electron stopping power varies from 3.0keV/nm to 12.0keV/nm, and a continuous latent track is observed for all the simulated values of electron stopping power except 3.0keV/nm. The simulation results indicate that the threshold electron stopping power for a continous latent track lies between 3.0keV/nm and 3.7 keV/nm. In addition, the coordination defects produced in the latent track are analyzed for all the simulation conditions, and the results show that the latent track in α-quartz consists of an O-rich amorphous phase and Si-rich point defects. At the end of this paper, the influence of the energy deposition model on the latent track in α-quartz is investigated. The results indicate that different energy deposition models reveal similar latent track properties. However, the values of the threshold electron stopping power and the ion track radius are dependent on the choice of energy deposition model.     

MeV能量离子在生物样品中的能量损失与能量离散

为了研究 MeV能量离子在生物样品中的能量损失与能量离散, 分别使用1.0, 1.8和2.8 MeV质子和4.5 MeV氦离子分别辐照不同质量厚度的洋葱内表皮膜。 当质子穿过该生物样品后, 可以利用透射能谱测量透射离子的能量损失和能量离散。 实验结果显示, 在以上的生物样品中, MeV能量离子的能量损失值和TRIM程序模拟的结果相吻合, 但是透射离子的能量离散值却与TRIM程序模拟结果有很大的不同。 结合生物样品的结构不均匀的特性, 对Bohr能量离散理论进行了修正, 并发现修正后的Bohr能量离散理论计算结果与实验值符合得很好。     

MeV能量离子辐照拟南芥干种子和含水种子存活曲线对比

离子束辐照植物种子所产生的水自由基对植物种子存活率会有影响, 实验中为了观察这种辐射效应, 采用6.5 MeV能量的质子分别辐照拟南芥干种子和含水种子。 这个能量点的质子无论对干种子还是含水种子都可以完全穿透, 减少了因损伤部位不同带来的差异。 实验中采用的质子注量从4×109 ions/cm2到1×1014 ions/cm2。 实验结果显示干种子和含水种子存活曲线均成肩形下降趋势,而且含水种子下降注量点明显低于干种子。 这是自由基作用结果。 同时在辐射生物学靶学说的基础上, 建立了模型, 通过参数的合理设置,很好地拟合了实验数据。 The dry and water saturated seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana were irradiated by H+ions with 6.5 MeV in atmosphere. The ion fluence used in this experiment was in the range of 4×109 —1×1014 ions/cm2. According to the structure of the seed and TRIM simulation, the ions with the energy of 6.5 MeV can penetrate the whole seed. The experiment shows that the fluence response curves for the dry seeds and water saturated seeds had distinct shoulders and reduced rapidly. The experimental results show that the water imbibed seeds were more sensitive than the dry seeds and the reason is from free radicals reaction. A model has been constructed, and primely simulates the experiment data.     

几种糖衍生物分子的THz光谱研究

分子间氢键等振动可以出现在THz波段。糖类是重要的生物分子,是研究氢键的典型体系。糖的衍生物分子具有重要的功能,同时由于它们的特殊的分子结构,通常有大量氢键存在,使得它们在THz波段表现出一定的光谱特征。文章测定了几种糖衍生物分子的THz光谱,结果表明不同分子具有不同的光谱,异丙基-β-D-硫代葡萄糖具有1.17,1.35,1.93,2.23 THz等多个吸收峰;异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖的吸收峰位于1.93 THz处;甲基-(四-氧-乙酰基-β-D-半乳糖)的吸收峰位于1.87 THz处;氧-(2, 3, 4, 6-四-氧-乙酰基-β-D-葡萄糖)-氮-羟基琥珀酰亚胺具有1.23,1.70,1.84,2.23 THz等多个吸收峰。对结构相似的分子,尤其对于异构体来说,它们具有不同的峰位,这些低频振动为包含氢键在内的整个分子的振动,说明THz方法能够鉴别异构体,是对结构变化、空间构型等很敏感的技术,是红外光谱的有益补充。这也为大分子的光谱研究提供了基础。     

Scattering of light waves by electron electrostatic waves in laser produced plasmas

The propagation of light waves in an underdense plasma is studied using one-dimensional Vlasov-Maxwell numerical simulation.It is found that the light waves can be scattered by electron plasma waves as well as other heavily and weakly damping electron wave modes,corresponding to stimulated Raman and Brilluoin-like scatterings.The stimulated electron acoustic wave scattering is also observed as a high scattering level.High frequency plasma wave scattering is also observed.These electron electrostatic wave modes are due to a non-thermal electron distribution produced by the wave-particle interactions.The collision effects on stimulated electron acoustic wave and the laser intensity effects on the scattering spectra are also investigated.     

扫描隧道显微镜观察石墨被Au离子轰击后的表面损伤(Ⅱ)

用扫描隧道显微镜研究了530keV—4.5MeV Au离子轰击高定向石墨所产生的表面孤立损伤，并对表面小丘状损伤的线度进行了测量和统计．利用非线性损伤的热峰模型对重离子轰击石墨表面损伤的线度进行了计算，得到了与实验数据较为符合的理论结果．并对重离子轰击石墨表面损伤的产生机理作了探讨． 关键词：     

Bursting behaviours in cascaded stimulated Brillouin scattering

Stimulated Brillouin scattering is studied by numerically solving the Vlasov-Maxwell system. A cascade of stimulated Brillouin scattering can occur when a linearly polarized laser pulse propagates in a plasma. It is found that a stimulated Brillouin scattering cascade can reduce the scattering and increase the transmission of light, as well as introduce a bursting behaviour in the evolution of the laser-plasma interaction. The bursting time in the reflectivity is found to be less than half the ion acoustic period. The ion temperature can affect the stimulated Brillouin scattering cascade, which can repeat several ×at low ion temperatures and can be completely eliminated at high ion temperatures. For stimulated Brillouin scattering saturation, higher-harmonic generation and wave-wave interaction of the excited ion acoustic waves can restrict the amplitude of the latter. In addition, stimulated Brillouin scattering cascade can restrict the amplitude of the scattered light.     

高剂量与高能量离子注入研究进展

综述了离子束材料实验室在高剂量与高能量离子注入研究方面的新进展，包括高剂量离子注入动态靶的模拟计算了ＭＡＣＡ程序，多能离子注入深度分布计算，ＭｅＶ离子引起的ＨＯＰＧ表面损伤，ＭｅＶ离子诱变右旋糖酐生产菌种，高剂量离子注入在４５号钢表面形成耐腐蚀的保护层以及高速工具钢上形成含有大量超细碳化物的耐磨层。