Transport properties of topological insulators films and nanowires

The last several years have witnessed the rapid developments in the study and understanding of topological insulators. In this review, after a brief summary of the history of topological insulators, we focus on the recent progress made in transport experiments on topological insulator films and nanowires. Some quantum phenomena, including the weak antilocalization, the Aharonov-Bobm effect, and the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations, observed in these nanostructures are described. In addition, the electronic transport evidence of the superconducting proximity effect as well as an anomalous resistance enhancement in topological insulator/superconductor hybrid structures is included.     

X荧光分析仪中数字基线估计的研究

在数字化X荧光分析仪中,不稳定的基线电压,会直接影响到仪器的性能,造成能量分辨率下降。基于此,利用卡尔曼滤波算法,对数字化后的X射线荧光信号进行基线估计。由于现有的经典卡尔曼滤波、简化sage-husa和改进sage-husa算法模型进行基线滤波的效果都不佳,因此有必要对现有的算法进行改进和优化。提出双重遗忘法,建立新型的基于sage-husa自适应卡尔曼滤波算法模型。实验结果表明,利用该数学模型进行基线滤波,取得了很好的滤波效果。避免了滤波发散和基线收敛缓慢的问题,实现了脉冲基线恢复,提高了仪器的能量分辨率。     

基于壳层隔绝纳米粒子和在线裂解-吹扫捕集的血液氰化物表面增强拉曼光谱快速检测方法

建立了一种快速、简便的基于壳层隔绝纳米粒子和在线裂解捕集技术的血液氰化物表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)检测方法.构建了新型在线裂解-吹扫捕集装置,通过浓H2SO4酸化,将全血中结合态氰化物裂解,并转化为挥发性的HCN气体,经N2吹扫至碱液中形成NaCN,实现了中毒血液中氰化物的高效裂解与捕集;在强碱性条件下,以壳层隔绝金纳米粒子为基底,极大地削弱了氰化物的溶金效应,使得检测信号稳定,存在时间由普通金纳米粒子的5 min提高至1 h;方法检出限达10 μg/L,线性范围为100~2000 μg/L.将此方法应用于氰化物染毒大鼠及真实氰化物中毒患者全血的快速检测,为氰化物中毒快速检测提供了一种灵敏、特异、可靠的新方法.     

量子Discord简介及其在特定系统中的计算

量子Discord作为一种比量子纠缠更准确地刻画系统量子关联的物理量,在量子信息理论中备受关注.本文首先简略介绍量子Discord的基本概念,然后以横场Ising系统为例,讨论了量子Discord的一种计算方法.最后根据横场Ising系统的量子Discord得到了表征其特征的三维图像,并讨论了系统中两格点间的关联特性.     

偏振X射线荧光系统测量痕量Cd元素的Geant4模拟研究

通过传统能量色散X射线荧光分析(EDXRF)对Cd元素进行痕量分析时,X光管发出的原级轫致辐射连续谱对Cd元素的分析具有严重的影响.为了减弱原级X射线对测量结果的影响,通过Geant4程序包模拟不同几何尺寸下偏振激发X射线荧光分析(P-EDXRF)中荧光靶的结构,研究其在减弱测量过程中原级X射线轫致辐射连续谱的影响.为...     

化工企业责任关怀对企业绩效的影响研究

本文借鉴国外成熟的实证研究方法体系,结合我国的实际情况,建立适合我国国情的责任关怀评价指标体系,并对化工企业承担责任关怀对企业绩效影响进行了模型构建及实证研究。实证研究的结果表明:化工企业承担责任关怀对企业绩效存在显著性正影响,在五个利益相关者纬度中,社区纬度、员工消费者纬度对企业绩效的影响最大。     

Trapezoidal pulse shaping for pile-up pulse identification in X-ray spectrometry

Energy resolution is affected by the intrinsic energy resolution of the detector, ballistic deficit, pile-up pulses and noise. Pile-up pulses become the dominant factor that degrades energy resolution after the system is established, so pile-up rejection is often applied to obtain good energy resolution by discarding pulses that are expected to be contaminated by pile-up. However, pile-up rejection can reduce count rates and thus lower the measurement precision. In order to improve count rates and maintain energy resolution, a new method of pile-up pulse identification based on trapezoidal pulse shaping is presented. Combined with pulse width discrimination, this method is implemented by recording pulses that are not seriously piled up. Some experimental tests with a Cu-Pb alloy sample are carried out to verify the performance of this method in X-ray spectrometry. The results show that the method can significantly improve count rates without degrading energy resolution.