Density, Viscosity, Refractive Index, and Speed of Sound in Binary Mixtures of Pyridine and 1-Alkanols (C6, C7, C8, C10) at 303.15 K

The densities (ρ), viscosities (η), refractive indices (nD), and speeds of sound (u), of binary mixtures of pyridine with 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, 1-octanol and 1-decanol, including those of pure liquids, were measured over the entire composition range at 303.15 K and atmospheric pressure. From these experimental data, the values of excess molar volumes (VE), deviations in isentropic compressibilities (Δks), viscosities (Δh), molar refractions (ΔRm), apparent and partial molar volumes (Vf,2 and ), apparent and partial molar compressibilities (Kf,2 and ), of alkanols in pyridine and their corresponding deviations (ΔV and ΔK) were calculated. The variations of these parameters with composition of the mixtures suggest that the strength of interactions in these mixtures follow the order: 1-hexanol＞1-heptanol＞1-octanol＞1-decanol. All the excess and deviation functions were fitted to Redlich-Kister polynomial equation to determine the fitting coefficients and the standard deviations.     

Flow-injection Spectrophotometric Determination of Uric Acid in Urine via Prussian Blue Reaction

A simple and sensitive flow injection(FI) spectrophotometric method was reported for the determination of uric acid based on the reduction of Fe(III)/ferricyanide in the presence of uric acid. The in situ reduced ions reacted with unreduced portion of ferricyanide/Fe(III) to form soluble Prussian blue, which was monitored at an absorption wavelength of 735 nm. The optimized conditions allow a linear calibration graph in a concentration range of 1―100 μmol/L. The relative standard deviation was in a range of 0.5%―2.5%, with a detection limit(3σ blank) of 0.3 μmol/L and a sampling frequency of 60 injection/h was obtained. The effect of common substances present in human physiological fluids on the determination of uric acid was examined. The method was applied to determining uric acid in human urine samples with the recoveries in a range of 96%―105%. The results agree well with those by spectrophotometric reference method at a confidence level of 95%. Spectrophotometric procedures for uric acid determination in clinical samples were reviewed briefly.     

苯乙烯与邻、间、对-二甲苯二元混合液的分子间相互作用

The densities (ρ), ultrasonic speeds (v), and refractive indices (n) of binary mixtures of styrene (STY)with m-, o-, or p-xylene, including those of their pure liquids, were measured over the entire composition range at the temperatures 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K. The excess volumes (VE), deviations in isentropic compressibilities(△ks), acoustic impedances (△Z), and refractive indices (△n) were calculated from the experimental data. Partial molar volumes (V0φ,2) and partial molar isentropic compressibilities (K0φ,2) of xylenes in styrene have also been calculated. The derived functions, namely, VE, △ks, △Z, △n, V0φ,2, and K0φ,2 were used to have a better understanding of the intermolecular interactions occurring between the component molecules of the present liquid mixtures. The variations of these parameters suggest that the interactions between styrene and o-, m-, or p-xylene molecules follow the sequences: p-xylene＞o-xylene＞m-xylene. Apart from using density data for the calculation of VE, excess molar volumes were also estimated using refractive index data. Furthermore, several refractive index mixing rules have been used to estimate the refractive indices of the studied liquid mixtures theoretically. Overall, the computed and measured data were interpreted in terms of interactions between the mixing components.