Microwave assisted synthesis of an unusual dinitro phytochemical

A novel dinitro secondary metabolite, 2-nitro-4-(2^′-nitroethenyl)phenol from a marine source, has been prepared via highly accelerated, microwave assisted, nitration reactions using mild reagents. ipso-Substitution of a carboxy group by a nitro group is discussed.     

Large scale Biginelli reaction via water-based biphasic media: a green chemistry strategy

An important stage in process development is kilo scale preparation of the target compound. For this reason, a procedure involving water-based biphasic reaction media has been developed for conducting some exothermic reactions on a large scale. This protocol is illustrated by the energy-efficient and rapid preparation of dihydropyrimidinones by a solvent-free, green chemistry procedure applied to the Biginelli reaction using p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst.     

Copper(II)acetate complexes with piperazine, 1-methylpiperazine, 1,4-dimethylpiperazine and their monohydrochlorides

New copper(II) acetate complexes with the saturated diheterocyclic bases (L-L): piperazine, 1-methylpiperazine, and 1,4-dimethylpiperazine and their monohydrochlorides, have been prepared and characterised by physico-chemical and spectroscopic methods. They are magnetically dilute and antiferromagnetic, with stoichiometries of the type Cu(OAc)₂(B)_n(B=L-L or L-LHCl and n=2, 1 or 0.5).     

Functionalized enamines—XXII : Annelation of enamines of polycyclic α,β-unsaturated ketones; a facile partial synthesis of furano- indolo- and benzsteroids. Total synthesis of 3-oxa-A-norsteroid

Reaction of dienamine 4a with substituted phenacyl bromides gave steroidal[3,4-b] furans 5a–g. The same principle reaction was utilized for the total synthesis of (±) 2 - (p - chlorophenyl) - 3 - oxa - A - nor - estra - 1,5(10), 9(11) - triene - 17 - acetate 12a. Treatment of 4a, b with benzenediazonium salts, in DMF, followed by a Fischer-indole cyclization yielded steroidal[6, 7-b] indoles 8a–k. Dienamine 4b could be annelated to benz[4, 5, 6] steroids 9a and 9b by reaction with methyl vinyl ketone and crotonaldehyde, respectively.     

Microwave-induced organic reaction enhancement (more) chemistry: Techniques for rapid,safe and inexpensive synthesis

Synthetic organic reactions have been conducted under microwave irradiation in open vessels in unaltered domestic microwave ovens. Reaction times vary from a few seconds for sub-milligram reactions to about 15 minutes for reactions carried out on a scale of hundreds of grams. Promising results have been obtained for several condensations, as well as the Bischler-Napieralski reaction, the Wolff-Kishner reduction, free radical dehalogenation reactions, and other standard synthetic operations. Rapid catalytic transfer hydrogenation using ammonium formate as the source of hydrogen has been conducted at about 100-130 °C under microwave irradiation. Meaningful, safe and inexpensive synthetic experiments for undergraduate and pre-college students have been developed and tested. The MORE chemistry techniques make it possible to use simple apparatus and very short reaction times. Commercial microwave ovens are now essential equipment in our research and teaching laboratories [1-3]. These ovens are relatively inexpensive, easy to move from one laboratory and set up in another, and safe to operate. Glass, plastics, and ceramics are essentially transparent to microwaves whereas many organic compounds are dipolar in nature and absorb microwave energy readily. We have found that untraditional experimental arrangements are possible for conducting a wide variety of organic reactions in open vessels inside domestic microwave ovens. Depending on the quantity of reactants, most reactions (on a scale of milligrams to several grams) can be completed in minutes instead of hours. One important element of our “Microwave-induced Organic Reaction Enhancement” (MORE) chemistry is the proper choice of a microwave energy transfer agent as the reaction medium.     

Heterocyclic compounds. XI. Potential post-coital antifertility agents

A series of heterocyclic analogs of diarylethylene and triarylethylene were synthesized as potential anti-implantation agents. Tested in rats as oral, post-coital antifertilily agents, a few of our compounds showed some activity.