18世纪长江下游梅雨活动的复原研究

本文确认了一种划分长江下游梅雨期的标准,并用于对清代晴雨录资料中,南京、苏州、杭州的记录分析处理,复原了18世纪长江下游地区的梅雨气候序列(1723—1800年),给出历年入梅、出梅日期、梅雨期长度、梅雨期雨量值和历年梅雨等级表,以及早梅雨、多梅、少梅及空梅年份的年表,分析历史梅雨的各项气候统计特征,指出梅雨变化具有9年、4-5年、2-3年的准周期性,现代梅雨变化的基本特征在18世纪也同样存在,此外,还对18世纪若干典型年份的西太平洋副热带高压特征值作出了推断。     

A STUDY ON THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY MEIYU (PLUM RAINS) ACTIVITY OF LOWER CHANGJIANG(YANGTZE) REGION OF CHINA

This study presents a scheme for delimiting the meiyu period in the Lower Changjiang (Yangtze) region. This scheme was applied to the Clear and Rain Records of Nanjing, Suzhou and Hangzhou to reconstruct the 1723-1800 meiyu climate series. The beginning and ending dates, length, precipitation, and the intensity grades of meiyu were determined. The years of early, heavy, light, and empty meiyu were also given. Statistical analyses of the 18th century meiyu series indicate the existence of the quasi-periodicities of 2-3, 4-5, and 9 years. Many basic characteristics of the modern meiyu also existed in the 18th century. Some characteristics of the Northwest Pacific Subtropical High in the 18th century in typical meiyu years were inferred from the historical meiyu series.