Jahn-teller chromium ions in CdF<Subscript>2</Subscript> and CaF<Subscript>2</Subscript> crystals: An EPR spectroscopic study in the frequency range 9.3–300 GHz

The bivalent chromium impurity centers in CdF₂ and CaF₂ crystals are investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) in the frequency range 9.3–300 GHz. It is found that Cr²⁺ ions in the lattices of these crystals occupy cation positions and form [CrF₄F₄]^6? clusters whose magnetic properties at low temperatures are characterized by orthorhombic symmetry. The parameters of the electron Zeeman and ligand interactions of the Cr²⁺ ion with four fluorine ions in the nearest environment are determined. The initial splittings in the system of spin energy levels of the cluster are measured.     

Electrochemically induced processes in the formation of phosphorus acid derivatives. 2. The role of polymerization processes in the electrosynthesis of the esters of phosphorus acids from white phosphorus

The mechanism of the electrosynthesis of phosphate esters from white phosphorus was investigated. It was shown that the reaction takes place by two paths, i.e., monomeric (with the participation of dissolved phosphorus) and polymeric (with the participation of phosphorus on the surface of an emulsion drop). It was established that in an alcohol solution of tetraethylammonium iodide the main part of the final product is formed through an intermediate polymeric compound. It was noticed that by studying the dynamics of the accumulation of the dissolved product during electrolysis it is possible to trace the mechanism of reaction of the phosphorus at the individual stages of the process.A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan' Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 420028 Kazan'. V. I. Ul'yanov-Lenin Kazan' State University, 420028 Kazan'. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1328–1333, June, 1992.     

Determination of enthalpies of formation of organic free radicals from bond dissociation energies 2. Halosubstituted radicals

The enthalpies of formation (ΔH _f ^o) for 23 halosubstituted radicals were determined from the published data on bond dissociation energies. The ΔH _f ^o values of the corresponding molecules necessary for the calculation of ΔH _f ^o of the radicals were taken from handbooks or calculated by the additive-group method. The conjugation energies of the radicals are calculated, and the effect of substituents at the π-system on these values was shown. Errors of determination of the ΔH _f ^o values of the radicals were estimated. For Part 1, see Ref. 1. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 643–646, April, 1998.     

I-theorem for Fermi and Bose gases

The work is concerned with the change of discrimination information during self-organization of Fermi and Bose gases. A new measure of the discrimination information which determines the degree of order of states in the open systems is presented. The I-theorem for a system with known effective Hamiltonian and a system whose Hamiltonian form is not defined is proved.     

Molecular structure of 2-chlor-5-methyl-1,3,2-oxathiaphospholene in the gaseous phase

A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 169–173, January–February, 1990.     

Kinetics of the reaction of decanesulfoperacid with SO2 in the presence of water

A study has been made of the kinetics of the oxidation of SO₂ by decanesulfoperacid in the presence of water in a medium of CH₃CN. Retardation of the process by acids has been observed, the retarding effect decreasing with decreasing strength of acid. A mechanism for the reaction has been suggested which explains the experimental results obtained.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 3, pp. 546–548, March, 1991.