Dependence of the atomic structure and surface relief of platinum foils on the annealing and rolling conditions

The effect of cold rolling, polishing, and thermal annealing conditions on the atomic structure and surface geometry of platinum foils has been studied. The surface morphology has been analyzed using low-energy electron diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy. The chemical composition of the surface has been evaluated by Auger electron spectroscopy. It has been demonstrated that a variation in the conditions used for the preparation of the samples makes it possible to produce surfaces with different degrees of perfection from atomically smooth to rippled, fractal, and diffraction-disordered surfaces.     

Synthesis of 3-Aroylmethylene-1,6,7,11b-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazino-[2,1-<Emphasis Type="Italic">a</Emphasis>]isoquinolin-4-ones

The reaction of substituted methyl aroylpyruvates with 1-aminomethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline dihydrochloride in the presence of AcOH gives 3-aroylmethylene-1,6,7,11b-tetrahydro-2H-pyrazino[2,1-a]isoquinolin-4-ones whose structures have been confirmed by IR, ¹H NMR, and mass spectrometry. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 8, pp. 1218–1221, August, 2005.     

Structure of 3-(o-hydroxyphenyl) derivatives of 2-quinoxalone and 2-benzoxazinone

It is shown by IR and UV spectroscopy that the products of the reaction of o-hydroxybenzoylformic acid with o-phenylenediamine and o-aminophenol have the 3-(cyclohexa-3,5-dien-2-onylidene)quinoxalone structure rather than the 3-(o-hydroxyphenyl)-2-quinoxalone structure. 3-(o-Methoxyphenyl)-2-quinoxalone and 3-(o-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo-1,4-oxazin-2-one were synthesized as model compounds.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 8, pp. 1126–1128, August, 1977.     

Formation of different surface reliefs of metallic glasses under mechanical stress

The micro- and nanoreliefs of loaded lateral surfaces and fracture surfaces of foils of the Fe₇₇Ni₁Si₉B₁₃, Fe₅₈Ni₂₀Si₉B₁₃, and Fe₇₀Cr₁₅B₁₅ amorphous alloys have been investigated using scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy. The isotropic and anisotropic surface reliefs have been examined. The fractal dimensions of the surfaces of loaded specimens and the fracture surfaces along and across the direction of crack propagation have been estimated using the box counting method. Fractal characteristics of the surfaces, such as the Hölder exponent and the half-width of the singularity spectrum, have been calculated using the wavelet transform method. It has been found that, on the topographies with a clearly pronounced anisotropy of the relief, the surface is fractal in only one direction, and the surface is fractal in two directions on the topographies with a less pronounced anisotropy of the relief. The fractal characteristics of the lateral surfaces and the fracture surfaces with allowance made for their anisotropy have close values. It has been shown that the formation of two types of fracture surfaces is adequately described in terms of the model of a cellular automaton.     

Synthesis of 1-[2-(1H-Indol-3-yl)ethyl]-4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-ones

Russian Journal of General Chemistry - 1-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-4-acetyl-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1H-pyrrole-2(5H)-ones were synthesized by the short heating of a mixture of tryptamine, aromatic...     

Formation of power-law size distributions of defects during fracture of materials

The experimental data on the surface relief of loaded ribbons of an amorphous alloy have been obtained. The distributions of surface defects formed under loading have been analyzed using the wavelet transform and box counting method. Moreover, the data on the time accumulation of microcracks in the volume of a loaded granite specimen have been examined. It has been shown that power-law size distributions of defects (scaling) appear on the surface and in the bulk before fracture. It has been revealed that the appearance of the power-law distributions is one of the indications of the formation of the self-organized critical state. The formation of the self-organized critical state in the bulk and on the surface of the material has been considered. It has been established that the formation of the self-organized critical state precedes the fracture of a solid.     

Synthesis of methyl esters of 5-aroyl-6-aryl-2-oxo-1,2,3,6-tetra-hydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acids

Methyl esters of 5-aroyl-6-aryl-2-oxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acids were synthesized from three component mixtures of methyl esters of aroylpyruvic acids, urea, and substituted benzaldehydes. 8-Hydroxy-4,5-diphenyl-3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyridazin-2(1H)-one was synthesized by the reaction of 5-benzoyl-2-oxo-6-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-carboxylate with hydrazine hydrate.     

Synthesis and Structure of 5-Aryl-4-[hydroxy(phenyl)methylene]-1-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]pyrrolidine-2,3-diones

Russian Journal of General Chemistry - The reactions of tryptamine with aromatic aldehyde and methyl benzoylpyruvate at room temperature leads to the formation of...