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High extraction efficiency,laterally injected,light emitting diodes combining microcavities and photonic crystals 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rattier Maxime Krauss Thomas F. Carlin Jean-François Stanley Ross Oesterle Ursula Houdré Romuald Smith Christopher J.M. De La Rue Richard M. Benisty Henri Weisbuch Claude 《Optical and Quantum Electronics》2002,34(1-3):79-89
The use of photonic crystals (PCs) for realistic light emitting diodes (LEDs) is discussed, given the constraints of planar semiconductor technology. A viable route for the fabrication of high-efficiency high-brightness electrically injected LEDs is presented. The starting point is a top-emitting microcavity using a single Alox Bragg mirror. The active area is surrounded by two-dimensional PCs, namely arrays of air rods etched through the top layers; injection of the electrons is achieved through the crystals. Design rules for PCs as efficient out-couplers are detailed. The building blocks are assessed experimentally, and we show that promising results are at hand. 相似文献
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Olivier S Smith C Rattier M Benisty H Weisbuch C Krauss T Houdré R Oesterlé U 《Optics letters》2001,26(13):1019-1021
We demonstrate in the near infrared the coupled-resonator optical waveguide (CROW) concept that was recently proposed by Yariv et al. [Opt. Lett.24, 711 (1999)]. Two-dimensional photonic crystals have been used to define, in a GaAs-based waveguiding heterostructure, an array of micrometer-sized hexagonal cavities coupled through thin walls. With the photoexcitation of InAs quantum dots as an internal source, the transmission spectra of the coupled resonators show marked minibands and minigaps, in agreement with theoretical predictions. 相似文献
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Benisty H. Lalanne PH. Olivier S. Rattier M. Weisbuch C. Smith C.J.M. Krauss T.F. Jouanin C. Cassagne D. 《Optical and Quantum Electronics》2002,34(1-3):205-215
We address the issue of out-of-plane losses in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PC) etched through a GaAs monomode waveguide clad with standard GaAlAs alloys. We correlate experimental transmission of PCs with two kinds of loss simulation results. The first kind is 2D and introduces an ad hoc imaginary index in the air holes to account for the losses [see (Benisty et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 532, 2000)]. The second kind is a novel exact three-dimensional calculation inspired by grating-Fourier analysis that provides quantitatively unprecedented agreement with experimental measurements taking into account hole depth as a limiting parameter. We conclude that, in revision to the conclusions of the above reference, the experimental losses are not the intrinsic ones, being larger by a factor of 5 to 10 due to insufficient hole depth. The transition occurs at a critical etch depth shown to be here around 700 nm. We thus predict, for holes deeper than 700 nm, much improved crystals with very low transmission losses and microresonators with ultra-high quality factors. 相似文献
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Olivier S. Benisty H. Smith C.J.M. Rattier M. Weisbuch C. Krauss T.F. 《Optical and Quantum Electronics》2002,34(1-3):171-181
We study the transmission properties of straight channel waveguides designed in a two- dimensional (2D) photonic crystal patterned into an AlGaAs heterostructure. 2D dispersion calculations show the existence of small gaps occurring along the dispersion branch of the fundamental mode. We show that their location agree very well with mini-stop bands observed on the transmission spectra. 相似文献
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