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1.
Jensen and Toft 8 conjectured that every 2‐edge‐connected graph without a K5‐minor has a nowhere zero 4‐flow. Walton and Welsh 19 proved that if a coloopless regular matroid M does not have a minor in {M(K3,3), M*(K5)}, then M admits a nowhere zero 4‐flow. In this note, we prove that if a coloopless regular matroid M does not have a minor in {M(K5), M*(K5)}, then M admits a nowhere zero 4‐flow. Our result implies the Jensen and Toft conjecture. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 相似文献
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Summary We review the phase behaviour of mixtures of colloids and non-adsorbing polymers. The exclusion of polymer molecules from
overlapping ?depletion zones? between two neighbouring colloidal particles results in an unbalanced osmotic pressure pushing
the particles together. This depletion potential is separately tunable in range and depth. Theory predicts that the resulting
phase behaviour is sensitive to ξ=r
g/R, the ratio of the radius of gyration of a polymer molecule, to the radius of the colloid. At large ξ, a stable colloidalliquid phase becomes possible. This has been confirmed by recent experiments. The formation of non-equilibrium ?transient gel? states
when the size ratio is small (≈0.08) is also introduced briefly.
Paper presented at the I International Conference on Scaling Concepts and Complex Fluids, Copanello, Italy, July 4–8, 1994. 相似文献
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John A. Mikroyannidis Helen A. Moshopoulou John A. Anastasopoulos Minas M. Stylianakis Larysa Fenenko Chihaya Adachi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(23):6790-6800
Poly(9,9‐dihexylfluorene‐2,7‐vinylene‐alt‐dibenzothiophene‐2,8‐vinylene) (PS) and poly(9,9‐dihexylfluorene‐2,7‐vinylene‐alt‐dibenzothiophene‐5,5‐dioxide‐2,8‐ vinylene) (PSO) as well as corresponding model compounds were synthesized by Heck coupling. Both the polymers and model compounds were readily soluble in common organic solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, chloroform, and toluene. The polymers showed a decomposition temperature at ~430 °C and a char yield of about 65% at 800 °C in N2. The glass‐transition temperatures of the polymers were almost identical (75–77 °C) and higher than those of the model compounds (26–45 °C). All samples absorbed around 390 nm, and their optical band gaps were 2.69–2.85 eV. They behaved as blue‐greenish light emitting materials in both solutions and thin films, with photoluminescence emission maxima at 450–483 nm and photoluminescence quantum yields of 0.52–0.72 in solution. Organic light‐emitting diodes with an indium tin oxide/poly(ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid)/polymer/Mg:Ag/Ag configuration with polymers PS and PSO as emitting layers showed green electroluminescence with maxima at 530 and 540 nm, respectively. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 6790–6800, 2006 相似文献
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Appleby I Boulton LT Cobley CJ Hill C Hughes ML de Koning PD Lennon IC Praquin C Ramsden JA Samuel HJ Willis N 《Organic letters》2005,7(10):1931-1934
Two methods to produce (2S)-5-amino-2-(1-n-propyl-1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)-pentanoic acid were investigated. Diastereoisomeric salt resolution, using the quinidine salt, gave the desired intermediate in 98% ee and 33% yield. Asymmetric hydrogenation of various substrates gave high conversions, with up to 83% ee. Integration of these two approaches via asymmetric hydrogenation of a quinidine salt substrate followed by crystallization provided the desired intermediate in 94% ee and 76% yield. 相似文献
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Potter CV Freshwater J Dean JL Kybett AP Kidd R James M Saxton H 《Chemical Society reviews》2004,33(9):567-572
In January 2003, the Royal Society of Chemistry launched Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry (OBC)--a journal promising to provide high quality research from all aspects of synthetic, physical and biomolecular organic chemistry. The journal was set to build upon the foundations laid down by its predecessor publications (J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 and J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2) as well as complement the subject coverage already published in prestigious general chemistry journals such as Chemical Communications and Chemical Society Reviews. Nearly two years on, just how is the programme developing and what can the community expect to see from the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)? 相似文献
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Wittig and Horner-Wittig coupling reactions of tetrahydropyran or tetrahydrofuran 2-triphenylphosphonium salts or 2-diphenylphosphine oxides with aldehydes and lactols affords good yields of the corresponding enol ethers. In selected examples these enol ether products may be further converted to spiroketals some of which are natural pheromones derived from and . 相似文献