Mass Spectrometry Profiling of the Protein Composition of Blood Plasma of Colorectal Cancer Patients

The objective of the study is themass spectrometry analysis of the protein composition in blood plasma samples of large intestine cancer patients. Protein profiles of 58 blood plasma samples of large intestine cancer patients and healthy volunteers are analyzed using ultrahigh-resolution panoramic mass spectrometry. It is shown that the coincidence of identifications in the protein composition samples of intestine cancer patients and healthy men is 60–80%. Samples of intestines cancer patients contain proteins involved in the interaction with ribonucleic acid, proteins, and lowmolecular substrata.     

On The Statistical Analysis of the Formation of Secondary Radiation Fields in Remote Control Devices Based on Pulsed Neutron Generators

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - The paper is devoted to the study of the influence of pulsed instability of neutron generation on the efficiency of small transportable HMCs. Experimental diagrams of the...     

Detection of Circulating Serum microRNA/Protein Complexes in ASD Using Functionalized Chips for an Atomic Force Microscope

MicroRNAs, which circulate in blood, are characterized by high diagnostic value; in biomedical research, they can be considered as candidate markers of various diseases. Mature microRNAs of glial cells and neurons can cross the blood–brain barrier and can be detected in the serum of patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) as components of macrovesicles, macromolecular protein and low-density lipoprotein particles. In our present study, we have proposed an approach, in which microRNAs in protein complexes can be concentrated on the surface of AFM chips with oligonucleotide molecular probes, specific against the target microRNAs. MicroRNAs, associated with the development of ASD in children, were selected as targets. The chips with immobilized molecular probes were incubated in serum samples of ASD patients and healthy volunteers. By atomic force microscopy (AFM), objects on the AFM chip surface have been revealed after incubation in the serum samples. The height of these objects amounted to 10 nm and 6 nm in the case of samples of ASD patients and healthy volunteers, respectively. MALDI-TOF-MS analysis of protein components on the chip surface allowed us to identify several cell proteins. These proteins are involved in the binding of nucleic acids (GBG10, RT24, RALYL), in the organization of proteasomes and nucleosomes (PSA4, NP1L4), and participate in the functioning of the channel of active potassium transport (KCNE5, KCNV2).     

Neutron generation in a sealed direct-acceleration tube with a laser-plasma anode

Experiments have been performed on neutron generation in small sealed tubes with laser-plasma ion sources. The nuclear reaction T(d, n)He⁴ has been employed with a laser frequency of 12.5 Hz in producing an output of 5 · 10⁹ n/sec. It is shown that efficient neutron generation is possible for laser pulse energies at the 10^–2 J level.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshyh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 11, pp. 6–10, November, 1981.We are indebted to Yu. A. Bykovskii, D. F. Bespalov, K. I. Kozlovskii, and A. Z. Mints for valuable advice and assistance.     

Use of Silicon Nanowire Sensors for Early Cancer Diagnosis

The review covers some research conducted in the field of medical and biomedical application of devices based on silicon sensor elements (Si-NW-sensors). The use of Si-NW-sensors is one of the key methods used in a whole range of healthcare fields. Their biomedical use is among the most important ones as they offer opportunities for early diagnosis of oncological pathologies, for monitoring the prescribed therapy and for improving the people’s quality of life.     

Investigation of a model of the Soyuz spacecraft washed by the control jets of the Apollo spacecraft

During mission design for the joint flight of the Soyuz and Apollo spacecraft in the ÉPAS program, a preliminary analysis was made of the thermal and force interactions of the motor jets of the Apollo control system on the Soyuz spacecraft. It was shown that the flow over the service, command, and docking modules of Apollo formed shock waves which intersected the communication antennas, the solar cells, and other structural elements of Soyuz during the docking. The flight program provided for possible simultaneous operation of four motors of the control system. In that case the jets interact, forming a complex three-dimensional flow. In the regions where shock waves interact with the Soyuz structural elements, the local convective heat fluxes, which are significant in magnitude, increase, since the temperatures and pressures in the Apollo engine combustion chambers are 3000 °K and 7·10⁵ Pa, respectively. The need for reliable operation of all devices of Soyuz located in the jet interaction zone required experimental investigations to be performed to determine the heat flux to the structure and the surface pressures on the spacecraft, with particular attention being paid to modeling of the phenomena. It should be noted that the results of analogous investigations carried out earlier by the USA with reference to the manned lunar flight program could not be used because of the difference of the Soyuz geometry and the newly developed docking module in the ÉPAS mission from the Apollo lunar module geometry.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 3, pp. 124–133, May–June, 1977.     

Micro-Raman Characterization of Structural Features of High-k Stack Layer of SOI Nanowire Chip,Designed to Detect Circular RNA Associated with the Development of Glioma

The application of micro-Raman spectroscopy was used for characterization of structural features of the high-k stack (h-k) layer of “silicon-on-insulator” (SOI) nanowire (NW) chip (h-k-SOI-NW chip), including Al₂O₃ and HfO₂ in various combinations after heat treatment from 425 to 1000 °C. After that, the NW structures h-k-SOI-NW chip was created using gas plasma etching optical lithography. The stability of the signals from the monocrine phase of HfO₂ was shown. Significant differences were found in the elastic stresses of the silicon layers for very thick (>200 nm) Al₂O₃ layers. In the UV spectra of SOI layers of a silicon substrate with HfO₂, shoulders in the Raman spectrum were observed at 480–490 cm⁻¹ of single-phonon scattering. The h-k-SOI-NW chip created in this way has been used for the detection of DNA-oligonucleotide sequences (oDNA), that became a synthetic analog of circular RNA–circ-SHKBP1 associated with the development of glioma at a concentration of 1.1 × 10⁻¹⁶ M. The possibility of using such h-k-SOI NW chips for the detection of circ-SHKBP1 in blood plasma of patients diagnosed with neoplasm of uncertain nature of the brain and central nervous system was shown.     

Urotropin synthesis of 3,5-di-<Emphasis Type="Italic">tert</Emphasis>-butylsalicylic acid derivatives

The stability of 3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylic aldehyde against oxidation is due to autoinhibiting of the chain process. However its oxidation into 3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylic acid was performed at the use of acetyl protection of the hydroxy group. In reaction of 6-bromo-2,4-di-tert-butylphenol with urotropin the formation was discovered of 3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylic acid, its nitrile and amide.     

Technological Possibilities of Realization of Sealed Accelerator Tubes Based on Diodes with Magnetic Isolation

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - Two technological schemes are considered, as well as the possibilities of their implementation for the manufacture of sealed accelerator tubes based on diodes with...