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The refined theory of the electroviscous lift forces is presented for the case when the separation distance between the particle and the wall is larger than the double-layer thickness. The theory is based on the lubrication approximation for motion of a long cylinder near a solid wall in creeping flow. The approximate analytical formula for the lift force valid for Pe=1 is derived and compared with the results of numerical calculations performed for an arbitrary Peclet number. The resulting electrokinetic lift force exceeds by several orders of magnitude one predicted by the previously developed theories of the lift force. The results for the electroviscous drag force indicate that when the double layer is thin compared with the particle size, the electroviscous drag is only a small correction (at most 10%) to the hydrodynamic drag force acting on a neutral particle moving near the wall. Copyright 2000 Academic Press. 相似文献
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Laguna-Marco MA Haskel D Souza-Neto N Lang JC Krishnamurthy VV Chikara S Cao G van Veenendaal M 《Physical review letters》2010,105(21):216407
The electronic structure and magnetism of Ir 5d5 states in nonmetallic, weakly ferromagnetic BaIrO3 are probed with x-ray absorption techniques. Contrary to expectation, the Ir 5d orbital moment is found to be ~1.5 times larger than the spin moment. This unusual, atomiclike nature of the 5d moment is driven by a strong spin-orbit interaction in heavy Ir ions, as confirmed by the nonstatistical large branching ratio at Ir L(2,3) absorption edges. As a consequence, orbital interactions cannot be neglected when addressing the nature of magnetic ordering in BaIrO3. The local moment behavior persists even as the metallic-paramagnetic phase boundary is approached with Sr doping or applied pressure. 相似文献
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We describe a novel feedback interferometer for real-time, unambiguous measurement of surface profiles that consists of a polarization Sagnac interferometer and an optically addressed phase-only spatial light modulator. In this system the output intensity from the Sagnac interferometer is optically fed back to the phase modulator placed in one arm of the interferometer, which produces a sawtooth fringe intensity profile (instead of the conventional cosinusoidal one) that is directly and unambiguously related to the surface profile. Preliminary experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of applying this system to surface-profile measurement. 相似文献
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Complex 1 undergoes H/D scrambling in methanol without concomitant liberation of either methane or dihydrogen (k(H)/k(D) = 0.76, 55 degrees C). The measured isotope effect was proposed to directly relate to the initial reductive coupling step in reductive elimination reactions. 相似文献
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D. Haskel E. Kravtsov Y. Choi J. C. Lang Z. Islam G. Srajer J. S. Jiang S. D. Bader P. C. Canfield 《The European physical journal. Special topics》2012,208(1):141-155
The element- and site-specificity of X-ray resonant magnetic scattering (XRMS) makes it an ideal tool for furthering our understanding
of complex magnetic systems. In the hard X-rays, XRMS is readily applied to most antiferromagnets where the relatively weak
resonant magnetic scattering (10−2–10−6
I
c
) is separated in reciprocal space from the stronger, Bragg charge scattered intensity, I
c
. In ferro(ferri)magnetic materials, however, such separation does not occur and measurements of resonant magnetic scattering
in the presence of strong charge scattering are quite challenging. We discuss the use of charge-magnetic interference resonant
scattering for studies of ferromagnetic (FM) crystals and layered films. We review the challenges and opportunities afforded
by this approach, particularly when using circularly polarized X-rays. We illustrate current capabilities at the Advanced
Photon Source with studies aimed at probing site-specific magnetism in ferromagnetic crystals, and interfacial magnetism in
films. 相似文献