CELLULAR BINDING OF HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE IN HUMAN BLADDER CANCER CELL LINES: KK-47

Abstract— The fluorescence lifetime and degree of fluorescence polarization of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) have been investigated using different solutions: organic and micellar solutions. Ham's F12 medium, and KK-47 cell suspension. The lifetime and polarization degree in organic and micellar solutions did not change with increasing incubation time, but the polarization degree in the cell suspensions temporarily increased at the initial incubation time and then decreased 4 h after incubation. The lifetime in the cell suspensions exhibited a bi-phasic exponential decay. The results obtained suggested that mainly dimeric HpD may bind weakly to the cell membrane, and then slowly be distributed throughout the cytoplasm. The polarity and viscosity of the intracellular loci containing HpD were evaluated from the fluorescence polarizations of HpD in MeOH-H₂O mixtures and ethylene glycol(EG)-MeOH mixtures. The dielectric constant and viscosity of the loci containing HpD were 35 and 11 cp, respectively. Accordingly, the intracellular location of HpD were considered relatively hydrophilic loci of the cells.     

Translational medicine of the glutamate AMPA receptor

Psychiatric and neurological disorders severely hamper patient’s quality of life. Despite their high unmet needs, the development of diagnostics and therapeutics has only made slow progress. This is due to limited evidence on the biological basis of these disorders in humans. Synapses are essential structural units of neurotransmission, and neuropsychiatric disorders are considered as “synapse diseases”. Thus, a translational approach with synaptic physiology is crucial to tackle these disorders. Among a variety of synapses, excitatory glutamatergic synapses play central roles in neuronal functions. The glutamate α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) is a principal component of glutamatergic neurotransmission; therefore, it is considered to be a promising translational target. Here, we review the limitations of current diagnostics and therapeutics of neuropsychiatric disorders and advocate the urgent need for the promotion of translational medicine based on the synaptic physiology of AMPAR. Furthermore, we introduce our recent translational approach to these disorders by targeting at AMPARs.     

Magnetic-field-induced deformation of lipid membranes

The substantial effects of relatively low, steady magnetic fields less than 0.5 T up to high magnetic fields up to 30 T on the membrane potential and resistance of black lipid membranes of didodecyl phosphite and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) are presented. Also, the magnetic-field-induced fusion and division of DPPC liposomes are demonstrated. Such significant magnetoresponses should result in the magnetic orientation of the lipid molecules and associated undulation of the membranes. Thus, the addition to membranes of diamagnetic aromatics having a large magnetic anisotropy enhanced the magnetoresponses: larger changes in membrane potential and resistance and a lower shift of the onset magnetic-field, with abrupt changes in liposome sizes and membrane potential.     

A Narrative Review of Alternate Gait Training Using Knee-ankle-foot Orthosis in Stroke Patients with Severe Hemiparesis

Impairments resulting from stroke lead to persistent difficulties with walking. Subsequently, an improved walking ability is one of the highest priorities for people living with stroke. The degree to which gait can be restored after a stroke is related to both the initial impairment in walking ability and the severity of paresis of the lower extremities. However, there are some patients with severe motor paralysis and a markedly disrupted corticospinal tract who regain their gait function. Recently, several case reports have described the recovery of gait function in stroke patients with severe hemiplegia by providing alternate gait training. Multiple studies have demonstrated that gait training can induce “locomotor-like” coordinated muscle activity of paralyzed lower limbs in people with spinal cord injury. In the present review, we discuss the neural mechanisms of gait, and then we review case reports on the restoration of gait function in stroke patients with severe hemiplegia.     

Ni-Mo基催化剂上卟啉加氢脱氮(英文)

The hydrodenitrogenation(HDN) of porphyrins was carried out over a series of phosphorus containing NiMo/Al 2 O 3 catalysts using a fixed‐bed flow reaction system.A method of quantitative analysis of the porphyrin and its derivatives produced by HDN was established.In HDN of porphyrin,four types of hydrocarbons:C8 alkanes,C 8 alkenes,C9 alkanes,and C10 alkanes,and two groups of nitrogen‐containing compounds:alkyl substituted bipyrrolidines(alkylbipyrrolidines) and alkyl substituted tripyrrolidines(alkyltripyrrolidines) were identified.The hydrogenolysis of porphyrins occurred rapidly at lower temperature but higher temperatures were required for the HDN of porphyrins.The NiMoP3 catalyst showed the highest catalytic activity for the HDN of porphyrins.Based on the characterization of the supports and catalysts,it is suggested that the dispersion of Mo is improved and the number of weak acidic sites on the NiMoP catalysts increases with the addition of phosphorus.     

PHASE BEHAVIOR OF BRANCHED TAIL ETHOXYLATED CARBOXYLATE SURFACTANT/ELECTROLYTE/ALKANE SYSTEMS.

This paper describes the effect of pH on phase behavior of branched tail EO carboxylate surfactants in electrolyte/ alkane microemulsion system3 which are of possible pertinence to enhanced oil recovery. The pH of the aqueous surfactant solutions was found to have a considerable effect on the salinity requirement for middle phase microemulsion formation. At 70 and 60°C alcohol-free optimal three phase microemulsion systems are formed with all alkanes studied over the entire pH range of 6-12. At lower temperatures and. higher pH values, liquid crystals were found to form in systems which contained lower molecular weight alkanes.     

Relationship between Perceived Leg Length Discrepancy at One Month and Preoperative Hip Abductor Muscle Elasticity in Patients after Total Hip Arthroplasty

Objective: Preoperative factors related to perceived leg length discrepancy (PLLD) after total hip arthroplasty (THA) are not well studied. This study aimed to examine the preoperative factors, including hip abductor modulus, related to PLLD one month after THA. Methods: The study included 73 patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis secondary to developmental dysplasia of the hip and a posterior approach to surgery. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using the presence or absence of PLLD as the dependent variable and preoperative hip abductor''s modulus of elasticity, pain, hip abduction range of motion, hip abductor muscle strength and pelvic obliquity as the independent variable. Additionally, receiver operating characteristic curves were used for the extracted variables for calculating the cutoffs, sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC) to determine the presence or absence of PLLD. The significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: The hip abductor modulus (odds ratio=1.13; 95% confidence interval=1.06-1.21; p<0.001) was selected as a preoperative factor. The cutoff value to determine the presence or absence of a PLLD was 16.32 kPa. The sensitivity and specificity were 81.8% and 72.5%, respectively, and the AUC was 0.8137. Conclusion: The hip abductor muscle elastic modulus affected PLLD one month after THA. If the preoperative hip abductor elastic modulus is higher than the cutoff value, it may affect the appearance of PLLD at one month postoperatively.     

A laser flash photolysis study of the dynamic behaviour of radical pairs in micellar solutions under ultrahigh magnetic fields of up to 30 T

The photo-induced hydrogen abstraction reactions of benzophenone in aqueous micellar SDS and Brij 35 solutions, decafluorobenzophenone in an aqueous micellar Brij 35 solution and naphthoquinone in an aqueous micellar SDS solution were investigated at room temperature under pulsed magnetic fields of 0–29.6T. In each of these reactions, the radical pair decay rate is found to decrease with increasing field from 0 to about 3 T and to increase with increasing field above 3 T. The escape radical yield is found to increase with increasing field from 0 to about 3 T and to decrease with increasing field above 3 T. These magnetic field effects are explained in terms of the relaxation mechanism. In each of the Brij 35 micellar solution systems, the anisotropy in the g tensor of the ketyl radical and its correlation time are evaluated from the observed effects.     

TURBULENT ELLIPTIC WAKES

This paper describes results of an experimental study on turbulent wake of an elliptic disk set normal to the main flow, whose major diameter is 2·0 or 3·0 minor diameters, Reynolds number being 2·0×10⁴on the basis of the minor diameter D. Two periodic components of velocity fluctuations were found in the wake. One is centred around the minor plane, being due to the alternate shedding of rolled-up, hairpin-like vortices. The other is centred around the major plane, which is likely to be due to a meandering motion of the wake. The axis switching, which is a cross-over of half-widths in the major and minor planes plotted against the streamwise distance, occurred at approximately 4·0 D downstream of the disk. The mechanism of the axis switching is different from that in elliptic jets, and it is proposed that it is due to a difference in the growth rate of the fundamental Fourier modes in the minor and major planes. The structure of the wake is studied by flow visualization and a survey of the time-mean velocity, turbulence intensities and Reynolds shear stresses. Wavelet analysis of the velocity fluctuations disclosed a low-frequency unsteadiness in the wake. This unsteadiness has different representative frequencies in the major and minor planes, being approximately one-fifth of the frequency of the corresponding periodic component in both planes.