Photoluminescence of liquid-crystal azo derivatives in nanopores

Optics and Spectroscopy - The fluorescence of the nematic liquid crystal n-butyl-n′-methoxyazoxybenzene (BMAOB) in the form of a layer and in porous glasses with pores of different diameter...     

Reaction of trialkylsilanes with phenol in the presence of metal halides

Summary We studied the reaction of phenol with trialkylsilanes of various structures, catalyzed by metal halides. The most suitable halides for this reaction are those of Cr, Co, Ni, Ge, Zn, Sn, and Hg. The reaction rate depends on the structure of the trialkylsilane and the amount and nature of the metal halides.The reaction of trialkylsilanes with phenol, catalyzed by metal halides, is a simple and convenient method of synthesizing trialkylphenoxysilanes, which are formed in yields of up to 98% of theoretical.We synthesized 16 trialkylphenoxysilanes (13 of which were prepared for the first time) and determined their properties. 16 trialkylsilanes were prepared as starting materials and 8 of these were described for the first time.     

Thermochemistry of C60 and C70 fullerene solvates

In an effort to improve understanding of dissolution behaviour of fullerenes and their simple chemical derivatives the binary systems of C₆₀, C₇₀ and the piperazine monoadduct of [60] fullerene C₆₀ N₂C₄H₈ with a series of aromatic solvents have been studied by means of DSC. In certain systems solid solvates have been found to be the thermodynamically stable phases relative to saturated solution at room temperature. Identified solid solvates were characterized by their compositions, temperatures and enthalpies of incongruent melting transitions. The regularities in thermodynamic stability of the solvated crystals have been discussed along with dissolution properties of fullerenes and the derivative. Certain correlations have been observed.     

Tritium planigraphy as a tool for studying the structural organization nanobiocomplexes

The tritium planigraphy method is based on the nonselective substitution of radioactive isotope tritium for hydrogen in hydrocarbon fragments of molecules by means of a chemical reaction involving hot tritium atoms. Data on the steric accessibility of the system components (macromolecules in the complex, amino acid residues, and even individual atomic groups of macromolecules) characterize the structure of the object. The method, applicable to substances in different phase states, has no restrictions on the molecular weight of the target. Tritium planigraphy, used equally successfully in both crystals and solutions, makes it possible to study fine changes in the structure. The main results of studies of the structure of nanosized biocompexes by tritium planigraphy are presented.     

Direct determination of the hubble parameter using type IIn supernovae

A novel approach, a Dense Shell Method, is proposed for measuring distances for cosmology. It is based on original Baade idea to relate absolute difference of photospheric radii with photospheric velocity. We demonstrate that this idea works: the new method does not rely on the Cosmic Distance Ladder and gives satisfactory results for the most luminous Type IIn Supernovae. This allows one to make them good primary distance indicators for cosmology. Fixing correction factors for illustration, we obtain with this method the median distance of ≈ 68₋₁₅⁺¹⁹(68%CL) Mpc to SN 2006gy and median Hubble parameter 79₋₁₇⁺²³(68%CL) km/(s Mpc).     

Introduction to cosmology

An introductory review on cosmology for students specializing in particle physics is presented. Many important subjects are not covered because of lack of space but hopefully the review may serve as a starting point for further studies.     

Beasts in Lambda-CDM zoo

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - Recent astronomical discoveries of supermassive black holes (quasars), gamma-bursters, super-novae, and dust at high redshifts, z = (5−10), are reviewed. Such a...