Ascorbic acid as a potential masking agent in the tanning process. Olated chromium complexes involving ligating ascorbate and bridging sulfate groups

Two polynuclear complexes, a dimer and a tetramer, involving sulfate and hydroxo bridges and ligating ascorbate were isolated from aqueous solutions. Structural formulae are proposed on the basis of microanalytical and thermal analysis results, i.r., ¹³C-n.m.r., mass spectral data and magnetic measurements.     

14 MeV neutron activation analysis of gold jewellery

Samples of nominal 18 carat and 21 carat gold jewelleries from the local market were non-destructively bulk analyzed using neutron activation analysis. Neutrons of 14 MeV energy were used with a fast pneumatic sample transfer system. The actual gold contents, as well as the composition of the base metals in these samples were determined. The fast neutron activation was found to be an efficient, quick and accurate method of characterizing the precious metal objects routinely in bulk, with a large sample throughput. The results demonstrate the commercial availability of the technique for non-destructive bulk analysis of precious metal objects.     

Two‐Dimensional Holo‐ and Hemidirected Lead(II) Coordination Polymers: Synthetic,Spectroscopic, Thermal,and Structural Studies of [Pb(μ‐SCN)2(μ‐ebp)1.5]n and {[Pb(μ‐OAc)(μ‐ebp)](ClO4)}n (ebp=4,4′‐[(1E)‐Ethane‐1,2‐diyl]bis[pyridine]; OAc=Acetato)

Two new coordination polymers of Pb^II complexes with bridging 4,4′‐[(1E)‐ethane‐1,2‐diyl]bis[pyridine] (ebp), thiocyanato, and acetato ligands, [Pb(μ‐SCN)₂(μ‐ebp)_1.5]_n ( 1 ) and {[Pb(μ‐OAc)(μ‐ebp)](ClO₄)}_n ( 2 ), were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT‐IR, ¹H‐ and ¹³C‐NMR, thermal analysis, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. In 1 , the Pb²⁺ ions are doubly bridged by both the ebp and the SCN⁻ ligands into a two‐dimensional polymeric network. The seven‐coordinate geometry around the Pb²⁺ ion in 1 is a distorted monocapped trigonal prism, in which the Pb²⁺ ions have a less‐common holodirected geometry. In 2 , the Pb²⁺ ions are bridged by AcO⁻ ligands forming linear chains, which are also further bridged by the neutral ebp ligands into a two‐dimensional polymeric framework. The Pb²⁺ ions have a five‐coordinate geometry with two N‐atoms from two ebp ligands and three O‐atoms of AcO⁻. Although ClO acts as a counter‐ion, it also makes weak interactions with the Pb²⁺ center. The arrangement of the ligands in 2 exhibits hemidirected geometry, and the coordination gap around the Pb²⁺ ion is possibly occupied by a configurationally active lone pair of electrons.     

Synthesis and structural characterization of a coordination polymer of silver(I) with saccharinate and nicotinamide

A silver(I)-saccharinato (sac) complex with nicotinamide (nia), [Ag(sac)(nia)] _n has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, DTA-TG analyses and single crystal X-ray diffractometry. The complex crystallizes in monoclinic space group P2₁/n with unit cell parameters of a=7.0258(4) Å, b=24.3784(10) Å, c=8.4301(5) Å, β=109.407(5)°, V=1361.85(13) ų and Z=4. [Ag(sac)(nia)] _n contains [Ag(sac)(nia)] units, which are doubly bridged by both nia and sac ligands, leading to a linear one-dimensional polymeric chains running along the a axis. The silver(I) ion has a highly distorted AgN₂O₂ tetrahedral geometry and the coordination polymer exhibits relatively short intra-chain ligand supported Ag···Ag separations of 3.1593(4) Å. The one-dimensional chains are crosslinked by N–H···O hydrogen bonds and aromatic π(sac)···π(nia) stacking interactions to generate a two-dimensional layer structure. IR spectra and thermal analysis data are in agreement with the crystal structure.     

An Aqua‐Bridged Helical‐Chain Copper(II)‐Saccharinato Polymer Linked into a Two‐Dimensional Supramolecular Framework

A new assembly [Cu₂(sac)₂(μ‐dmea)₂(μ‐H₂O)]_n (sac = saccharinate and Hdmea = 2‐dimethylaminoethanol) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and single crystal X‐ray diffraction. The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c and consists of dinuclear modules of [Cu₂(sac)₂(dmea)₂]. The sac ligand is N‐coordinated, while the dmea ligand is in the deprotanated form by losing the ethanol hydrogen atom and acts as a bidentate donor through the alkoxo group and N atom. The alkoxo group also serves as a bridge between two copper(II) ions, leading to an intra‐dimer Cu···Cu separation of 3.0229(7) Å. The dimeric units are bridged by aqua ligands to generate a one‐dimensional water‐bridged helical chain, in which the copper(II) ions exhibit a distorted square‐pyramidal CuN₂O₃ coordination. The Cu–Cu distance in the chain separated by the bridging aqua ligands is 5.297Å. The polymeric chains are further linked by π(sac)···π(sac) and C–H···π(sac) interactions into a two‐dimensional supramolecular network.     

Efficiency calibration of HPGe detector in far and close geometries

The absolute total and full-energy peak (FEP) efficiencies of a high purity germanium (HPGe) photon detector are measured in the energy range from 40 keV to 1500 keV. The functional parameters are fitted to the calibration points from 14 long-lived standard sources (¹²⁹I,²⁴¹Am,¹⁰⁹Cd,⁵⁷Co,¹³⁹Ce,¹³⁷Cs,⁵⁴Mn,⁶⁵Zn,⁶⁰Co,²²Na,¹³³Ba,¹⁵²Eu,¹⁵⁴Eu and^166mHo) within an accuracy better than the quoted uncertainty of the calibration sources. The efficiencies in far and close geometries are compared.     

[Hg2(μ‐bpe)(μ‐OAc)2(μ‐SCN)2]n,a New Two‐Dimensional Coordination Polymer Involving Three Simultaneously Bridging Ligands: 1,2‐Bis(4‐pyridyle)ethene,Acetate, and Thiocyanate

A new mercury(II) complex of 1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyle)ethene (bpe) with anionic acetate and thiocyanate ligands has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. The single crystal X‐ray analysis shows that the complex is a two‐dimensional polymer with simultaneously bridging 1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyle)ethane, acetate and thiocyanate ligands and basic repeating dimeric [Hg₂(μ‐bpe)(μ‐OAc)₂(μ‐SCN)₂] units. The two‐dimensional system forms a three‐dimensional network by packing via π‐π stacking interactions.     

Summability factor relations between absolute weighted and Cesàro means

By , we denote the set of all sequences such that Σ?_na_n is summable V whenever Σa_n is summable U, where U and V are two summability methods. Recently, Sar?göl has characterized the set for k > 1,α > ?1 and arbitrary positive sequences Now, in the present paper, we characterize the sets , k > 1 and , k ≥ 1 for arbitrary positive sequences Hence we extend these results to the range α≥ ? 1. In this way, some open problems in this topic are also completed.     

On modifying properties of polymeric melts by nanoscopic particles

We study geometric and energetic factors that partake in modifying properties of polymeric melts via inserting well‐dispersed nanoscopic particles (NP). Model systems are cis‐1,4‐polybutadiene melts including a single atomic clusters of size varied in the range 10–150 atoms (3–7 Å in radius; 0.1–1.5% v/v). We modify the interactions between the chains and the particle by tuning attractive van der Waals interactions. Using molecular dynamics, we study equilibrium fluctuations and dynamical properties at the interface. The NPs move in the polymer matrix in two different regimes corresponding to trapped and free diffusion, depending on the NP size. Furthermore, degree of crowding around the NP by the polymer chains is quantified. Effect of NP size and interaction strength both on volume and volumetric fluctuations is manifested in mechanical properties, quantified here by bulk modulus, K. Tuning NP size and nonbonded interactions results in ～15% enhancement in K by addition of a maximum of 1.5% v/v NP. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012