阻抗匹配条件下磁控管的注入锁频

单只磁控管输出功率不能满足大规模工业应用, 需要对多只磁控管进行相干功率合成. 为解决普通磁控管相干功率合成所需的相位一致性, 需要对普通磁控管引入注入锁频技术, 以保障工作频率和相位差的稳定性. 本文在阻抗匹配的条件下, 结合磁控管稳定振荡的条件, 从等效电路的角度出发对磁控管注入锁频原理进行分析, 给出了在小注入比和大注入比情况下磁控管的注入锁频理论, 大注入比情况比小注入比情况给出了更大的锁频带宽. 采用MATLAB对理论方程进行解析求解, 同时通过三维粒子仿真软件对锁频理论进行了对比验证, 得出了在不同注入比下磁控管的锁频带宽和相位差微分方程, 给出了在不同初始相位下的相位差变化曲线, 得到了A6磁控管在自由振荡和注入锁频工作下三维模拟仿真的输出功率、频率和波形. 模拟结果表明, 在两种情形预测的锁频带宽内, 磁控管均能被锁定并稳定工作, 在大注入比下大注入比情况比小注入比情况更为准确. 关键词： 磁控管 注入锁频 注入比 相位差     

高品质因数谐振腔的储能过程和泄能过程

为了计算高品质因数谐振腔的储能过程和泄能过程,将高品质因数谐振腔的输入膜片和输出结构分别建模为一个二端口网络和一个三端口网络,根据高品质因数谐振腔的信号流图,提出了一种基于递推的数值计算方法。用该方法设计了一个工作在2.92 GHz附近的基于BJ32波导的高品质因数谐振腔,给出了谐振腔的储能过程和泄能过程。当输入膜片开口宽度取20 mm、输出膜片开口宽度取60 mm时,计算得出的谐振频率为2.9198 GHz,饱和储能时间为2.6 μs,输出脉冲宽度6.82 ns,输出峰值增益为129.6,能量效率为0.169。     

基于伽辽金级数的空间电荷场计算模型

利用局部伽辽金矩量法,建立了电子注空间电荷场的2.5维计算模型. 将空间电荷场在径向展开为各个模式的叠加,利用伽辽金级数表示,通过求解其系数方程组, 最终求得空间电荷场.利用本文的模型,计算分析了电子注空间电荷场的特性, 并研究了模型中仿真参量对空间电荷场计算结果的影响.本文的空间电荷场计算模型利用粒子模拟基本方法, 可以应用到速调管注波互作用计算模型中.     

大功率速调管收集极高效强迫风冷散热系统的设计

为解决大功率小型化速调管收集极在强迫风冷条件下的高效散热问题,以某大功率速调管为研究对象,介绍了一种大功率高效风冷收集极系统的设计方法。利用ANSYS有限元软件对收集极的强迫风冷散热特性进行模拟计算,分析比较了非均匀热流密度加载方式下不同散热翼片结构对风冷收集极的风阻和最高温度的影响,确定了散热翼片的尺寸和数量。为进一步提高风冷收集极系统的对流换热效果,对收集极入风口的结构进行改进,收集极内表面最高温度降低了22 ℃。采用风冷收集极风阻的计算模型对风阻进行验证,仿真结果与理论值相差2.2%。最后对采用该风冷收集极系统的大功率速调管进行测试,实验测试的最高温度与仿真结果相差1.8%,验证了该风冷收集极系统设计的合理性和有效性。     

Analysis of the injection-locked magnetron with a mismatched circulator

Based on the scatter matrix of the four-port lossless mismatched circulator, the phase differential equation of the injection-locked magnetron is derived by comparing different effects of the mismatched and perfect circulator on the injection ratio. Besides, the locking range of the injection-locked magnetron with the mismatched circulator is deduced by functional operation. In addition, the phase differential equation and the locked bandwidth of the injection-locked system with a mismatched circulator are compared with those of the small injection-ratio case with a perfect circulator. The influence of the circulator reflection coefficient on the injection-locked magnetron is also analyzed by numerical calculation.Theoretical analysis shows that the decrement of the locked bandwidth is less than 1% and decrement of the stable phase difference is less than 1.2% when the reflection coefficient is less than 0.1.     

Theoretical investigation of frequency characteristics of free oscillation and injection-locked magnetrons

The frequency characteristics of free oscillation magnetron(FOM) and injection-locked magnetron(ILM) are theoretically investigated.By using the equal power voltage obtained from the experiment data,expressions of the frequency and radio frequency(RF) voltage of FOM and ILM,as well as the locking bandwidth,on the anode voltage and magnetic field are derived.With the increase of the anode voltage and the decrease of the magnetic field,the power and its growth rate increase,while the frequency increases and its growth rate decreases.The theoretical frequency and power of FOM agree with the particle-in-cell(PIC) simulation results.Besides,the theoretical trends of the power and frequency with the anode voltage and magnetic field are consistent with the experimental results,which verifies the accuracy of the theory.The theory provides a novel calculation method of frequency characteristics.It can approximately analyze the power and frequency of both FOM and ILM,which promotes the industrial applications of magnetron and microwave energy.