Highly efficient,tunable, ultrabroadband NIR photoemission from Bi-doped nitridated germanate glasses toward all-band amplification in optical communication

Bismuth(Bi)-doped near-infared(NIR) glass that can cover the entire optical communication window(850, 1310, and1550 nm) has become the subject of extensive research for developing photonic devices, particularly, tunable fiber lasers and ultrabroadband optical amplifiers. However, the realization of highly efficient NIR luminescence from Bi-doped glass is still full of challenges. Notably, due to the co-existence of multiple Bi NIR centers in the glass, the origin of newly generated Bi NIR emissi...