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Operation of a laser-driven nano-motor inevitably generates a non-trivial amount of heat, which can possibly lead to instability or even hinder the motor's continual running. This work quantitatively examines the overheating problem for a recently proposed laser-operated molecular locomotive. We present a single-molecule cooling theory, in which molecular details of the locomotive system are explicitly treated. This theory is able to quantitatively predict cooling efficiency for various candidates of molecular systems for the locomotive, and also suggests concrete strategies for improving the locomotive's cooling. It is found that water environment is able to cool the hot locomotive down to room temperature within 100 picoseconds after photon absorption. This cooling time is a few orders of magnitude shorter than the typical time for laser operation, effectively preventing any overheating for the nano-locomotive. However, when the cooling is less effective in non-aqueous environment, residual heat may build up. A continuous running of the motor will then lead to a periodic thermodynamics, which is a common character of many laser-operated nano-devices. 相似文献
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伪装涂层材料的二向偏振散射研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目标的偏振散射特征研究是偏振遥感应用的基础。在不同的条件下测量了伪装涂层的偏振参数,研究了入射角、观测方位角对涂层偏振散射特征的影响。研究发现,伪装涂层的面散射会产生较大的偏振度,而体散射具有消偏振效应;深色涂层因为面散射起主要作用而具有较大的偏振度;涂层散射光的偏振度与入射角成正比,在观测方位角接近镜面反射方向时最大,随着方位角的增加而迅速减小;草地的偏振度很小,与伪装涂层形成鲜明对比。利用偏振遥感可以有效地识别草地背景中的伪装目标,偏振测量在遥感和目标识别方面具有重要意义。 相似文献
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为了研究偏振遥感对伪装目标的识别特点,分别对不同颜色的伪装网进行了偏振参数测量和成像实验。通过数据分析发现,伪装网的散射偏振度受观测条件和材料自身特性(如反射率、折射率和表面粗糙度)影响很大;伪装涂层对入射光的散射作用可以分为面散射和体散射,其中面散射具有起偏振作用而体散射具有消偏振作用;与自然背景相比,伪装目标的偏振特征非常显著,利用偏振遥感可以有效地识别出常规侦察手段所不能发现的伪装目标。通过偏振遥感的侦察原理和特点分析,提出了可以利用表面结构设计和烟雾等方法对抗偏振遥感的侦察。 相似文献
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