Shape coexistence close to N=50 in the neutron-rich isotope ~(80)Ge investigated by IBM-2

The properties of the low-lying states,especially the relevant shape coexistence in~(80)Ge,close to one of most neutron-rich doubly magic nuclei at N=50 and Z=28,have been investigated within the framework of the proton-neutron interacting model(IBM-2).Based on the fact that the relative energy of the d neutron boson is different from that of the proton boson,the calculated energy levels of low-lying states and E2 transition strengths can reproduce the experimental data very well.Particularly,the first excited state 0_2~+,which is intimately related to the shape coexistence phenomenon,is reproduced quite nicely.Theρ~2(E0,0_2~+→0_1~+)transition strength is also predicted.The experimental data and theoretical results indicate that both collective spherical andγ-soft vibration structures coexist in~(80)Ge.     

Response functions of hot and dense matter in the Nambu-Jona-Lasino model

We investigate current-current correlation functions, or the so-called response functions of a two-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasino model at finite temperature and density. The linear response is investigated introducing the conjugated gauge fields as external sources within the functional path integral approach. The response functions can be obtained by expanding the generational functional in powers of the external sources. We derive the response functions parallel to two well-established approximations for equilibrium thermodynamics, namely mean-field theory and a beyond-mean-field theory, taking into account mesonic contributions. Response functions based on the mean-field theory recover the so-called quasiparticle random phase approximation. We calculate the dynamical structure factors for the density responses in various channels within the random phase approximation, showing that the dynamical structure factors in the baryon axial vector and isospin axial vector channels can be used to reveal the quark mass gap and the Mott dissociation of mesons, respectively. Noting that the mesonic contributions are not taken into account in the random phase approximation, we also derive the response functions parallel to the beyond-mean-field theory. We show that the mesonic fluctuations naturally give rise to three kinds of famous diagrammatic contributions: the Aslamazov-Lakin contribution, the self-energy or density-of-state contribution, and the Maki-Thompson contribution.Unlike the equilibrium case, in evaluating the fluctuation contributions, we need to carefully treat the linear terms in external sources and the induced perturbations. In the chiral symmetry breaking phase, we find an additional chiral order parameter induced contribution, which ensures that the temporal component of the response functions in the static and long-wavelength limit recovers the correct charge susceptibility defined using the equilibrium thermodynamic quantities. These contributions from mesonic fluctuations are expected to have significant effects on the transport properties of hot and dense matter around the chiral phase transition or crossover, where the mesonic degrees of freedom are still important.     

Description of the critical point symmetry in ~(124)Te by IBM-2

Based on the neutron and proton degrees of freedom, low-lying energy levels, E2, M1, and E0 transition strengths of nucleus ~(124)Te have been calculated by the neutron-proton interacting boson model. The calculated results are reasonably consistent with the experimental data. By comparing the key observables of the states at the critical point of U_(πv)(5)-O_(πv)(6) transition with the experimental data and calculated results, we show that the ~(124)Te is a possible nucleus at the critical point of the second-order phase transition from vibration to unstable rotation, and such a critical point exhibits slight triaxial rotation. The 0_2~+ state of ~(124)Te can be interpreted as the lowest state of the first-excited family of the intrinsic levels in the critical point symmetry.     

变力冲量的几种计算方法

用几种不同方法计算了两种典型变力(向心力和摩擦力)的冲量,并进行了数值分析.     

可逆圆形热循环过程的循环效率研究

从理论上讲任何正循环都可以作为某种热机的工作原理,其循环效率不仅与循环曲线的形状有关,而 且与循环曲线在p V图的位置有关. 作为理论探讨,以对称性最高的圆形循环为例来讨论上述问题很有代表性. 首 先给出圆形热循环的循环效率的解析表达式,在此基础上讨论了随圆心的坐标及半径的改变循环效率的变化关 系,以及圆形循环的循环效率曲线在 p V 图上的分布情况     

Neutrino Oscillation Induced by Chiral Phase Transition

Electric charge neutrality provides a relationship between chiral dynamics and neutrino propagation in compact stars. Due to the sudden drop of the electron density at the first-order chiral phase transition, the oscillation for low energy neutrinos is significant and can be regarded as a signature of chiral symmetry restoration in the core of compact stars.     

Description of Shape Coexistence and Mixed-Symmetry States in ~(96)Mo Using IBM-2

We investigate the level structure and E2,M1 electromagnetic transition properties in an even-even~(96)Mo nucleus within the framework of the proton-neutron interacting boson model(IBM-2).The calculated results of the IBM-2 can reproduce the recent new experimental data on~(96)Mo both qualitatively and quantitatively.It is found that both shape coexistence and mixed-symmetry states in~(96)Mo can be simultaneously described very well with the IBM-2 by taking into account that the relative energy of d neutron bosons is different from that of proton bosons.     

滑轮运动问题的深入探讨

阿特伍德机中在滑轮与绳都有质量的情况下,直接应用动量定理方法推导出阿特伍德机绳子两侧张力和重物加速度的理论表达式,并讨论了不同绳重下加速度a(t)随时间变化规律以及速度v与运动距离h的关系.