γ射线弹和射线防护

 1896年,法国物理学家贝克勒尔发现铀具有放射性,能不断放射出一种肉眼看不见而穿透本领很强的射线。后来,科学家经过研究发现放射线是由3种很强的射线组成的:一种是α射线(氦核),另一种是β射线(电子),还有一种是γ射线(光子)。此后,放射线在包括军事领域在内的多方面得到应用。最近,继第三代核武器中子弹研制成功后,一些军事强国又把目光投向了另一种核武器———γ射线弹,使全世界爱好和平的人们心头蒙上了一层新的核阴影。一、γ射线弹一般来说,核爆炸的杀伤力量由4个因素组成:冲击波、光辐射、放射性沾染和贯穿辐射,其中贯穿辐射主要由强γ射线和中子流组成。     

Stability of Rayleigh-Taylor Vortices in Dusty Plasma

The evolution of Rayleigh-Taylor mode in dusty plasma with vortex-flow is investigated. Based on fluid theory and Bayly＇s method, we derive the coupling equations describing the Rayleigh-Taylor mode in the core of vortex, and research the evolution characteristics of the perturbation amplitude with time numerically. It is shown that the eccentric of vortex and the content of dust have considerable effects on the amplitude evolutions.     

Oscillations of Magnetized Dust Grains in Plasma Sheath with Negative Ions

The oscillations of a single magnetized dust grain in electronegative plasma sheath are investigated taking into account the existence of an external magnetic field. The influence of the content of negative ions and the magnetic field intensity on the properties of the dust vibration is analysed. The result shows that the existence of the negative ions in plasma reduces the dust oscillation frequency and drops the equilibrium position of dust, whereas the magnetic field raises the equilibrium position and also reduces the dust oscillation frequency on the condition considered.