Segregation of alloying atoms at a tilt symmetric grain boundary in tungsten and their strengthening and embrittling effects

We investigate the segregation behavior of alloying atoms （Sr, Th, In, Cd, Ag, Sc, Au, Zn, Cu, Mn, Cr, and Ti） near Z3 （ 111 ） [1]-0] tilt symmetric grain boundary （GB） in tungsten and their effects on the intergranular embrittlement by performing first-principles calculations. The calculated segregation energies suggest that Ag, Au, Cd, In, Sc, Sr, Th, and Ti prefer to occupy the site in the mirror plane of the GB, while Cu, Cr, Mn, and Zn intend to locate at the first layer nearby the GB core. The calculated strengthening energies predict Sr, Th, In, Cd, Ag, Sc, Au, Ti, and Zn act as embrittlers while Cu, Cr, and Mn act as cohesion enhancers. The correlation of the alloying atom＇s metal radius with strengthening energy is strong enough to predict the strengthening and embrittling behavior of alloying atoms; that is, the alloying atom with larger metal radius than W acts as an embrittler and the one with smaller metal radius acts as a cohesion enhancer.     

基于地质聚合物混凝土的SHPB实验参数控制

为有效地测试地质聚合物混凝土的冲击力学特性,以矿渣、粉煤灰为原材料,制备了高流态的C30地质聚合物混凝土,探索了此类混凝土的霍普金森压杆(SHPB)实验技术参数的控制规律,得到了射弹速度、整形器直径与最佳近似恒应变率之间的关系。结果表明:波形整形技术消除了波形振荡现象,有效地降低了弥散效应;整形后应力波形的前沿升时远远高于传统矩形波的前沿升时,保证了应力的均匀性;通过组合控制射弹速度和整形器直径,实现了恒应变率加载。     

光电效应演示实验几种方案的比较

针对人教版中学物理教材中光电效应演示实验在具体实践中的不足,提出了3种改进方案,并比较了这3种实验方案的优缺点.     

陶瓷纤维对普通硅酸盐混凝土的强韧化效应

 采用液压试验机和Φ100 mm分离式霍普金森压杆实验装置,研究了体积分数为0.1%、0.2%和0.3%的陶瓷纤维混凝土的准静态和动态力学性能,分析了陶瓷纤维的增强机理,并将其与相同纤维体积分数的碳纤维混凝土进行对比。结果表明：陶瓷纤维改善了普通硅酸盐混凝土的准静态力学性能;纤维体积分数为0.3%时,抗压强度提高15.0%,劈裂抗拉强度提高8.5%,抗折强度提高12.7%。冲击荷载作用下,陶瓷纤维混凝土的动态抗压强度和比能量吸收随平均应变率的增加近似线性增长;体积分数为0.2%时,陶瓷纤维的增强、增韧效果最佳。陶瓷纤维对普通硅酸盐混凝土的增强、增韧效果总体上优于碳纤维。