Vibration-assisted coherent excitation energy transfer in a detuned dimer

The important role of high-energy intramolecular vibrational modes for excitation energy transfer in the detuned photosynthetic systems is studied. Based on a basic dimer model which consists of two two-level systems(pigments)coupled to high-energy vibrational modes, we find that the high-energy intramolecular vibrational modes can enhance the energy transfer with new coherent transfer channels being opened when the phonon energy matches the detuning between the two pigments. As a result, the energy can be effectively transferred into the acceptor. The effective Hamiltonian is obtained to reveal the strong coherent energy exchange among the donor, the acceptor, and the high-energy intramolecular.A semi-classical explanation of the phonon-assisted mechanism is also shown.     

Phonon-assisted excitation energy transfer in photosynthetic systems

The phonon-assisted process of energy transfer aiming at exploring the newly emerging frontier between biology and physics is an issue of central interest.This article shows the important role of the intramolecular vibrational modes for excitation energy transfer in the photosynthetic systems.Based on a dimer system consisting of a donor and an acceptor modeled by two two-level systems,in which one of them is coupled to a high-energy vibrational mode,we derive an effective Hamiltonian describing the vibration-assisted coherent energy transfer process in the polaron frame.The effective Hamiltonian reveals in the case that the vibrational mode dynamically matches the energy detuning between the donor and the acceptor,the original detuned energy transfer becomes resonant energy transfer.In addition,the population dynamics and coherence dynamics of the dimer system with and without vibration-assistance are investigated numerically.It is found that,the energy transfer efficiency and the transfer time depend heavily on the interaction strength of the donor and the high-energy vibrational mode,as well as the vibrational frequency.The numerical results also indicate that the initial state and dissipation rate of the vibrational mode have little influence on the dynamics of the dimer system.Results obtained in this article are not only helpful to understand the natural photosynthesis,but also offer an optimal design principle for artificial photosynthesis.     

Entangling two single-mode Gaussian states by use of a beam splitter

Considering two light beams which are in general single-mode Gaussian states and incident on input ports of an ideal beam splitter, respectively, this paper investigates how separability and entanglement of the output lights depend on degrees of nonclassicality and purities of the input states. The minimum and maximum amounts of attainable entanglement in the output state are found.     

置于冷瓶口硬币的弹起现象研究

本文研究了将硬币置于冷却的瓶子瓶口,放置于相对高温环境中,硬币发生多次弹起的现象.本文利用零维非稳态传热学方程描述了瓶内气体温度的变化,通过力矩分析得到了硬币弹起的条件,并采用MATLAB数值模拟研究了硬币多次弹起时压强和弹起周期随时间的变化规律.并通过不同材质的瓶子和不同的硬币研究了对该弹起现象的影响,实验得到了和理论一致的结果.     

光合作用多色素捕光模型中光激发对能量传输的影响

光合作用激发能传输过程中量子效应的研究大都基于单激发初态假设,该假设能较好地描述人们所关心的部分光合作用系统的初态.但对于不满足上述假设条件的自然及人工光合作用系统,激发过程对系统动力学有不可忽略的影响.本文基于由高斯脉冲激发的多色素分子模型,主要研究了激发脉冲宽度和激发间隔对系统动力学和激发能传输效率的影响.首先,推导了理论上可包含任意数量的色素分子构成的供体系统和受体系统整体演化所满足的动力学方程.之后通过数值模拟展示了激发能传输效率随系统各相关参数变化的关系及相应参数的最优范围.研究发现,在单个脉冲激发供体色素分子的条件下,存在最优脉冲宽度,且脉冲宽度对色素分子数目、耦合强度及退相位速率的最优范围都有调制作用,并分析了该调制作用的产生机制.在两个高斯脉冲依次激发供体色素分子的条件下,存在最优脉冲宽度及脉冲间隔的组合.本文得到的动力学方程可推广到其他形式的激发脉冲,得到的数值结果及优化设计原则对工作在不同光照条件下的人工光合作用系统的优化设计具有参考意义.     

Energy transfer and correlation dynamics in a three-quasi-spin-pigment system

In this paper, the effects of quantum and classical correlations on the excitation energy transfer in a three-quasi-spin-pigment system are investigated. We first study the dependence of the energy transfer efficiency on various initial correlations of the donor pigments, and find that the initial concurrence is crucial to the efficiency no matter whether the initial states are pure or mixed. We then demonstrate the dynamics of correlations of the system and observe the appearance of sudden death of quantum correlations in the donor pigments. The relation between the energy transfer efficiency and the dynamics of correlations in the donor pigments is also discussed.     

基于双模压缩信道的双模高斯态量子隐形传态

研究了双模高斯态的两个模经由两个双模压缩量子信道的隐形传态.结果表明，当输入态有纠缠时，若要输出态的纠缠不为零，量子信道的纠缠必须大于一确定值，其大小在输入态为纯态时依赖于输入态的纠缠度；在输入态为混合态时不仅与输入态的纠缠有关，还依赖于输入态的整体纯度. 关键词： 量子隐形传态 量子纠缠 双模高斯态     

Realization of quantum permutation algorithm in high dimensional Hilbert space

Quantum algorithms provide a more efficient way to solve computational tasks than classical algorithms. We experimentally realize quantum permutation algorithm using light's orbital angular momentum degree of freedom. By exploiting the spatial mode of photons, our scheme provides a more elegant way to understand the principle of quantum permutation algorithm and shows that the high dimension characteristic of light's orbital angular momentum may be useful in quantum algorithms. Our scheme can be extended to higher dimension by introducing more spatial modes and it paves the way to trace the source of quantum speedup.     

第七届中国大学生物理学术竞赛简讯

正中国大学生物理学术竞赛(China Undergraduate Physics Tournament,简称CUPT)是中国借鉴国际青年物理学家锦标赛(International Young Physicists’Tournament,简称IYPT)模式创办的一项全国性赛事.第七届中国大学生物理学术竞赛于2016年8月13日—18日在西安交通大学举行,西安交大副校长郑庆华,CUPT组委会秘书长李川勇,西安交大理学     

Energy transfer between two aggregates in light-harvesting complexes

Energy transfer processes between two aggregates in a coupled chromophoric-pigment(protein)system are studied via the standard master equation approach.Each pigment of the two aggregates is modeled as a two-level system.The excitation energy is assumed to be transferred from the donor aggregate to the acceptor aggregate.The model can be used to theoretically simulate many aspects of light-harvesting complexes(LHCs).By applying the real bio-parameters of photosynthesis,we numerically investigate the efficiency of energy transfer(EET)between the two aggregates in terms of some factors,e.g.,the initial coherence of the donor aggregate,the coupling strengthes between the two aggregates and between different pigments,and the effects of noise from the environment.Our results provide evidence for that the actual numbers of pigments in the chromophoric rings of LHCs should be the optimum parameters for a high EET.We also give a detailed analysis of the effects of noise on the EET.