Variations of water’s local-structure induced by solvation of NaCl

The researches on the structure of water and its changes induced by solutes are of enduring interests. The changes of the local structure of liquid water induced by NaCl solute under ambient conditions are studied and presented quantitatively with some order parameters and visualized with 2-body and 3-body correlation functions. The results show that, after the NaCl are solvated, the translational order t of water is decreased for the suppression of the second hydration shells around H₂O molecules; the tetrahedral order ｜q｜ of water is also decreased and its favorite distribution peak moves from 0.76 to 0.5. In addition, the orientational freedom k and the diffusion coefficient D of water molecules are reduced because of new formed hydrogen-bonding structures between water and solvated ions.     

A two-step quantum secure direct communication protocol with hyperentanglement

We propose a two-step quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocol with hyperentanglement in both the spatial-mode and the polarization degrees of freedom of photon pairs which can in principle be produced with a beta barium borate crystal. The secret message can be encoded on the photon pairs with unitary operations in these two degrees of freedom independently. This QSDC protocol has a higher capacity than the original two-step QSDC protocol as each photon pair can carry 4 bits of information. Compared with the QSDC protocol based on hyperdense coding, this QSDC protocol has the immunity to Trojan horse attack strategies with the process for determining the number of the photons in each quantum signal as it is a one-way quantum communication protocol.     

催化动力学分光光度法测定痕量甲醛

在稀硫酸溶液中,甲醛对溴酸钾氧化罗丹明B的褪色反应有催化作用,研究了其动力学条件,建立了测定痕量甲醛的动力学分光光度法,该方法的线性范围为0.30~3.00 mg.L-1,检出限为0.15 mg.L-1,该法用于饮料中痕量甲醛的测定,标准加入回收率为95.5%~97.0%,RSD为1.8%~2.0%。