Production of exotic neutron-deficient isotopes near N,Z=50 in multinucleon transfer reactions

The multinucleon transfer reaction in the collisions of ~(40) Ca+ ~(124) Sn at Ec.m. = 128.5 MeV is investigated using the improved quantum molecular dynamics model. The measured angular distributions and isotopic distributions of the products are reproduced reasonably well by the calculations. The multinucleon transfer reactions of ~(40) Ca +~(112) Sn, ~(58) Ni + ~(112) Sn, ~(106) Cd + ~(112) Sn, and ~(48) Ca + ~(112) Sn are also studied. This demonstrates that the combinations of neutron-deficient projectile and target are advantageous for the production of exotic neutron-deficient nuclei near N,Z =50. The charged particles' emission plays an important role at small impact parameters in the de-excitation processes of the system. The production cross sections of the exotic neutron-deficient nuclei in multinucleon transfer reactions are much larger than those measured in the fragmentation and fusion-evaporation reactions. Several new neutron-deficient nuclei can be produced in the ~(106) Cd + ~(112) Sn reaction. The corresponding production cross sections for the new neutron-deficient nuclei,~(101,112) Sb,~(103) Te,and ~106,107) I,are 2.0 nb,4.1 nb,6.5 nb,0.4 μb and 1.0 μb,respectively.     

不同理论模型预言合成超重核Z=119~122研究进展

通过双核系统模型与其他模型对$Z\leqslant$118元素的计算结果与实验数据的比较，证明了不同模型预测超重核的产生截面是可靠的。对比分析了不同模型对Z=119和Z=120超重核的预言结果，我们认为合成超重核Z=119和Z=120的最佳弹靶组合分别为反应$^{48}{\rm{Ca}} + ^{{\rm{252}}}{\rm{Es}}$和$^{40}{\rm{Ca}} + ^{{\rm{257}}}{\rm{Fm}}$，并且Z=119新核素很有可能会先于Z=120新核素在实验上被合成。由于实验上Z>100锕系靶的限制，人们正尝试寻找比48Ca更重的弹核来合成超重核Z=121和Z=122，超重核Z=121可以通过反应V+Cf来合成，而超重核Z=122的产生截面已经非常小，要求将来在实验上提高探测及鉴别技术。希望本文的讨论可以在将来为实验及理论核物理工作者们提供一些参考。